{"id":4263,"date":"2022-12-20T17:48:48","date_gmt":"2022-12-20T20:48:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/index.php\/2022\/12\/20\/gpasswd-zh_cn\/"},"modified":"2022-12-20T17:48:48","modified_gmt":"2022-12-20T20:48:48","slug":"gpasswd-zh_cn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/2022\/12\/20\/gpasswd-zh_cn\/","title":{"rendered":"GPASSWD (zh_CN)"},"content":{"rendered":"

GPASSWD<\/h1>\n

\u00e5\u00e7\u00a7\u00b0<\/a>
\u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e7\u00ba\u00b2<\/a>
\u00e6\u00e8\u00bf\u00b0<\/a>
\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9<\/a>
CAVEATS<\/a>
\u00e9\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6<\/a>
\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6<\/a>
\u00e5\u00e8\u00a7<\/a> <\/p>\n

\n

\u00e5\u00e7\u00a7\u00b0 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

gpasswd \u2212 \u00e7\u00ae\u00a1\u00e7\u00e5 \/etc\/group \u00e5 \/etc\/gshadow<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e7\u00ba\u00b2 <\/a> <\/h2>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

gpasswd<\/b> [\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9<\/i>] group<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\u00e6\u00e8\u00bf\u00b0 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

The gpasswd<\/b> command is used to administer \/etc\/group, and \/etc\/gshadow. Every group can have administrators, members and a password.<\/p>\n

System administrators can use the \u2212A<\/b> option to define group administrator(s) and the \u2212M<\/b> option to define members. They have all rights of group administrators and members.<\/p>\n

gpasswd<\/b> called by a group administrator with a group name only prompts for the new password of the group<\/i>.<\/p>\n

If a password is set the members can still use newgrp<\/b>(1) without a password, and non\u2212members must supply the password.<\/p>\n

\u00e8\u00af\u00b7\u00e6\u00b3\u00a8\u00e6\u00e7\u00bb\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0<\/b>
Group passwords are an inherent security problem since more than one person is permitted to know the password. However, groups are a useful tool for permitting co\u2212operation between different users.<\/p>\n

\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

\u00e9\u00a4\u00e4\u00ba \u2212A<\/b> \u00e5 \u2212M<\/b> \u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00b6\u00e5\u00ae\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9\u00e4\u00b8\u00e8\u00bd\u00e8\u00e5\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e3<\/p>\n

gpasswd<\/b> \u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e6\u00a5\u00e5\u00e7\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9\u00e6\u00ef\u00bc<\/p>\n

\u2212a<\/b>, \u2212\u2212add\u00a0<\/b>user<\/i><\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00e5\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba group<\/i> \u00e7\u00e7\u00bb\u00e4\u00b8\u00e6\u00b7\u00bb\u00e5\u00a0\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00b7 user<\/i>\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u2212d<\/b>, \u2212\u2212delete\u00a0<\/b>user<\/i><\/p>\n

\u00e4\u00bb\u00e5\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba group<\/i> \u00e7\u00e7\u00bb\u00e4\u00b8\u00e7\u00a7\u00bb\u00e9\u00a4\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00b7 user<\/i>\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u2212h<\/b>, \u2212\u2212help<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00e7\u00b0\u00e5\u00ae\u00e5\u00b8\u00ae\u00e5\u00a9\u00e4\u00bf\u00a1\u00e6\u00af\u00e5\u00b9\u00b6\u00e9\u00e5\u00ba\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u2212Q<\/b>, \u2212\u2212root\u00a0<\/b>CHROOT_DIR<\/i><\/p>\n

Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR<\/i> directory and use the configuration files from the CHROOT_DIR<\/i> directory.<\/p>\n

\u2212r<\/b>, \u2212\u2212remove\u2212password<\/b><\/p>\n

Remove the password from the named group<\/i>. The group password will be empty. Only group members will be allowed to use newgrp<\/b> to join the named group<\/i>.<\/p>\n

\u2212R<\/b>, \u2212\u2212restrict<\/b><\/p>\n

Restrict the access to the named group<\/i>. The group password is set to “!”. Only group members with a password will be allowed to use newgrp<\/b> to join the named group<\/i>.<\/p>\n

\u2212A<\/b>, \u2212\u2212administrators\u00a0<\/b>user<\/i>,…<\/p>\n

\u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e6\u00e7\u00ae\u00a1\u00e7\u00e6\u00e9\u00e7\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00b7\u00e5\u00e8\u00a1\u00a8\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u2212M<\/b>, \u2212\u2212members\u00a0<\/b>user<\/i>,…<\/p>\n

\u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e7\u00bb\u00e6\u00e5\u00e5\u00e8\u00a1\u00a8\u00e3<\/p>\n

CAVEATS <\/a> <\/h2>\n

This tool only operates on the \/etc\/group and \/etc\/gshadow files. Thus you cannot change any NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the corresponding server.<\/p>\n

\u00e9\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

\u00e5\u00a8 \/etc\/login.defs \u00e4\u00b8\u00e6\u00e5\u00a6\u00e4\u00b8\u00e9\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e5\u00e9\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00a5\u00e6\u00b4\u00e6\u00b9\u00e6\u00a4\u00e5\u00b7\u00a5\u00e5\u00b7\u00e7\u00e8\u00a1\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba\u00ef\u00bc<\/p>\n

ENCRYPT_METHOD<\/b> (string)<\/p>\n

\u00e8\u00bf\u00e5\u00ae\u00e4\u00b9\u00e4\u00ba\u00e7\u00b3\u00bb\u00e7\u00bb\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e7\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3(\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e6\u00b2\u00a1\u00e6\u00e5\u00a8\u00e5\u00bd\u00e4\u00bb\u00a4\u00e8\u00a1\u00e4\u00b8\u00e6\u00e5\u00ae\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3)\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00a6\u00e4\u00b8\u00e5\u00bc\u00ef\u00bcDES<\/i> (default), MD5<\/i>, SHA256<\/i>, SHA512<\/i>.<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00b3\u00a8\u00e6\u00ef\u00bc\u00e6\u00a4\u00e5\u00e6\u00b0\u00e4\u00bc\u00e8\u00a6\u00e7 MD5_CRYPT_ENAB<\/b> \u00e5\u00e9\u00e3<\/p>\n

MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP<\/b> (number)<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00af\u00e4\u00b8\u00aa\u00e7\u00bb\u00e6\u00a1\u00e7\u00ae\u00e7\u00e6\u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e6\u00e5\u00e6\u00b0\u00e3\u00e8\u00be\u00be\u00e5\u00b0\u00e6\u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e5\u00bc\u00e6\u00b6\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00a8 \/etc\/group \u00e5\u00bc\u00e5\u00a7\u00e4\u00b8\u00e4\u00b8\u00aa\u00e6\u00b0\u00e6\u00a1\u00e7\u00ae(\u00e8\u00a1)(\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00e6\u00a0\u00b7\u00e7\u00e5\u00e7\u00a7\u00b0\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00e6\u00a0\u00b7\u00e7\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00e6\u00a0\u00b7\u00e7 GID)\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e5\u00bc\u00e6\u00af 0\u00ef\u00bc\u00e6\u00e5\u00b3\u00e7\u00e7\u00bb\u00e4\u00b8\u00e7\u00e6\u00e5\u00e6\u00b0\u00e6\u00b2\u00a1\u00e6\u00e9\u00e5\u00b6\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00a4\u00e5\u00e8\u00bd(\u00e5\u00e5\u00b2\u00e7\u00bb)\u00e5\u00e8\u00ae\u00b8\u00e9\u00e5\u00b6\u00e7\u00bb\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6\u00e4\u00b8\u00e7\u00e8\u00a1\u00e9\u00bf\u00e5\u00ba\u00a6\u00e3\u00e8\u00bf\u00e5\u00af\u00b9\u00e4\u00ba\u00e7\u00a1\u00ae\u00e4\u00bf NIS \u00e7\u00bb\u00e7\u00e8\u00a1\u00e6\u00af\u00e9\u00bf\u00e4\u00ba 1024 \u00e5\u00e7\u00ac\u00a6\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e8\u00a6\u00e5\u00bc\u00ba\u00e5\u00b6\u00e8\u00bf\u00e4\u00b8\u00aa\u00e9\u00e5\u00b6\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8 25\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00b3\u00a8\u00e6\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00e5\u00b2\u00e7\u00bb\u00e5\u00af\u00e8\u00bd\u00e4\u00b8\u00e5\u00e6\u00e6\u00e5\u00b7\u00a5\u00e5\u00b7\u00e7\u00e6\u00af\u00e6(\u00e7\u00e8\u00b3\u00e5\u00a8 Shadow \u00e5\u00b7\u00a5\u00e5\u00b7\u00e9\u00e4\u00b8- )\u00e3\u00e6\u00a8\u00e4\u00b8\u00e5\u00ba\u00e8\u00af\u00a5\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e8\u00bf\u00e4\u00b8\u00aa\u00e5\u00e9\u00ef\u00bc\u00e9\u00a4\u00e9\u00e7\u00e7\u00e9\u00e8\u00a6\u00e3<\/p>\n

MD5_CRYPT_ENAB<\/b> (boolean)<\/p>\n

\u00e8\u00a1\u00a8\u00e7\u00a4\u00ba\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e6\u00af\u00e5\u00a6\u00e5\u00bf\u00e9\u00a1\u00bb\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00ba\u00e4\u00ba MD5 \u00e7\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e3\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba yes<\/i>\u00ef\u00bc\u00e6\u00b0\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e5\u00b0\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e5\u00e6\u00b0\u00e7 FreeBSD \u00e5\u00bc\u00e5\u00ae\u00b9\u00e7\u00e5\u00ba\u00e4\u00ba MD5 \u00e7\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e3\u00e5\u00ae\u00e6\u00af\u00e6\u00e6\u00a0\u00e9\u00e9\u00bf\u00e5\u00ba\u00a6\u00e7\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e5\u00e6\u00b4\u00e9\u00bf\u00e7\u00e7\u00e5- \u00e7\u00ac\u00a6\u00e4\u00b8\u00b2\u00e3\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e6\u00a8\u00e9\u00e8\u00a6\u00e5\u00b0\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e5\u00a4\u00e5\u00b6\u00e5\u00b0\u00e5\u00b6\u00e5\u00ae\u00e4\u00b8\u00e7\u00e8\u00a7\u00a3\u00e6\u00b0\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3\u00e7\u00e7\u00b3\u00bb\u00e7\u00bb\u00ef\u00bc\u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba no<\/i>\u00e3\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e5\u00bc\u00e6\u00af no<\/i>\u00e3<\/p>\n

This variable is superseded by the ENCRYPT_METHOD<\/b> variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm.<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00a4\u00e5\u00e9\u00e5\u00b7\u00b2\u00e7\u00bb\u00e5\u00ba\u00e5\u00bc\u00e3\u00e6\u00a8\u00e5\u00ba\u00e8\u00af\u00a5\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8 ENCRYPT_METHOD<\/b>\u00e3<\/p>\n

SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS<\/b> (number), SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS<\/b> (number)<\/p>\n

ENCRYPT_METHOD<\/b> \u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba SHA256<\/i> \u00e6 SHA512<\/i> \u00e6\u00b6\u00ef\u00bc\u00e6- \u00a4\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9\u00e7\u00a1\u00ae\u00e5\u00ae\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8 SHA \u00e8\u00bd\u00ae\u00e8\u00bd\u00ac\u00e6\u00b0\u00e7\u00ae(\u00e5\u00bd\u00e8\u00bd\u00ae\u00e8\u00bd\u00ac\u00e6\u00b0\u00e6\u00b2\u00a1\u00e6\u00e9\u00e8\u00bf\u00e5\u00bd\u00e4\u00bb\u00a4\u00e8\u00a1\u00e6\u00e5\u00ae\u00e6\u00b6)\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00be\u00e5\u00a4\u00e8\u00bd\u00ae\u00e8\u00bd\u00ac\u00ef\u00bc\u00e4\u00bc\u00e8\u00ae\u00a9\u00e6\u00b4\u00e5\u00e7\u00a0\u00b4\u00e8\u00a7\u00a3\u00e6\u00b4\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00b0\u00e9\u00be\u00e3\u00e4\u00bd\u00e6\u00af\u00e9\u00e8\u00a6\u00e6\u00b3\u00a8\u00e6\u00ef\u00bc\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e8\u00af\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00b7\u00e6\u00b6\u00e4\u00b9\u00e4\u00bc\u00e9\u00e8\u00a6\u00e6\u00b4\u00e5\u00a4\u00e7 CPU \u00e8\u00b5\u00e6\u00ba\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e6\u00b2\u00a1\u00e6\u00e6\u00e5\u00ae\u00ef\u00bclibc \u00e4\u00bc\u00e9\u00e6\u00a9\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e7\u00e8\u00bd\u00ae\u00e8\u00bd\u00ac\u00e6\u00b0(5000)\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00bc\u00e5\u00bf\u00e9\u00a1\u00bb\u00e5\u00a8 1000 \u2212 999,999,999 \u00e4\u00b9\u00e9\u00b4\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e5\u00aa\u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e4\u00ba\u00e4\u00b8\u00e4\u00b8\u00aa SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS<\/b> \u00e6 SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS<\/b> \u00e5\u00bc\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00b0\u00b1\u00e4\u00bc\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e8\u00bf\u00e4\u00b8\u00aa\u00e5\u00bc\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6 SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS<\/b> > SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS<\/b>\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00b0\u00e4\u00bc\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e7\u00e9\u00a3\u00e4\u00b8\u00aa\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

\/etc\/group<\/p>\n

\u00e7\u00bb\u00e8\u00b4\u00a6\u00e6\u00b7\u00e4\u00bf\u00a1\u00e6\u00af\u00e3<\/p>\n

\/etc\/gshadow<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00ae\u00e5\u00a8\u00e7\u00bb\u00e8\u00b4\u00a6\u00e6\u00b7\u00e4\u00bf\u00a1\u00e6\u00af\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00e8\u00a7 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

newgrp<\/b>(1), groupadd<\/b>(8), groupdel<\/b>(8), groupmod<\/b>(8), grpck<\/b>(8), group<\/b>(5), gshadow<\/b>(5).<\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

GPASSWD \u00e5\u00e7\u00a7\u00b0 \u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e7\u00ba\u00b2 \u00e6\u00e8\u00bf\u00b0 \u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9 CAVEATS \u00e9\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6 \u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6 \u00e5\u00e8\u00a7 \u00e5\u00e7\u00a7\u00b0 gpasswd \u2212 \u00e7\u00ae\u00a1\u00e7\u00e5 \/etc\/group \u00e5 \/etc\/gshadow \u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e7\u00ba\u00b2 gpasswd [\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9] group \u00e6\u00e8\u00bf\u00b0 The gpasswd command is used to administer \/etc\/group, and \/etc\/gshadow. Every group can have administrators, members and a password. System administrators can use the \u2212A option to define group administrator(s) and the \u2212M option […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[962],"tags":[964,1280,1284],"class_list":["post-4263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-1-comandos-generales","tag-964","tag-gpasswd","tag-zh_cn"],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4263","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4263"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4263\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4263"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4263"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}