{"id":4250,"date":"2022-12-20T17:39:54","date_gmt":"2022-12-20T20:39:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/index.php\/2022\/12\/20\/chpasswd-zh_cn\/"},"modified":"2022-12-20T17:39:54","modified_gmt":"2022-12-20T20:39:54","slug":"chpasswd-zh_cn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/2022\/12\/20\/chpasswd-zh_cn\/","title":{"rendered":"CHPASSWD (zh_CN)"},"content":{"rendered":"

CHPASSWD<\/h1>\n

\u00e5\u00e7\u00a7\u00b0<\/a>
\u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e7\u00ba\u00b2<\/a>
\u00e6\u00e8\u00bf\u00b0<\/a>
\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9<\/a>
CAVEATS<\/a>
\u00e9\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6<\/a>
\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6<\/a>
\u00e5\u00e8\u00a7<\/a> <\/p>\n

\n

\u00e5\u00e7\u00a7\u00b0 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

chpasswd \u2212 \u00e6\u00b9\u00e9\u00e6\u00b4\u00e6\u00b0\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e7\u00ba\u00b2 <\/a> <\/h2>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

chpasswd<\/b> [\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\u00e6\u00e8\u00bf\u00b0 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

The chpasswd<\/b> command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users. Each line is of the format:<\/p>\n

user_name<\/i>:password<\/i><\/p>\n

\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e5\u00bf\u00e9\u00a1\u00bb\u00e6\u00e6\u00e6\u00e4\u00be\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00ef\u00bc\u00e7\u00b6\u00e5\u00e7\u00b1 chpasswd<\/b> \u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e3\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e5- \u00e5\u00a8\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e5\u00b9\u00b4\u00e9\u00be\u00e4\u00bf\u00a1\u00e6\u00af\u00ef\u00bc\u00e4\u00b9\u00e4\u00bc\u00e6\u00b4\u00e6\u00b0\u00e4\u00b9\u00e3<\/p>\n

The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the ENCRYPT_METHOD<\/b> or MD5_CRYPT_ENAB<\/b> variables of \/etc\/login.defs, and can be overwritten with the \u2212e<\/b>, \u2212m<\/b>, or \u2212c<\/b> options.<\/p>\n

chpasswd<\/b> first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to disk if no errors occurred for any user.<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00a4\u00e5\u00bd\u00e4\u00bb\u00a4\u00e4\u00b8\u00e8\u00ac\u00e7\u00a8\u00e4\u00ba\u00e9\u00e8\u00a6\u00e4\u00b8\u00e6\u00ac\u00a1\u00e5\u00e5\u00bb\u00ba\u00e5\u00be\u00e5\u00a4\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00b7\u00e7\u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e5\u00e7\u00b3\u00bb\u00e7\u00bb\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

chpasswd<\/b> \u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e6\u00a5\u00e5\u00e7\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9\u00e6\u00ef\u00bc<\/p>\n

\u2212c<\/b>, \u2212\u2212crypt\u2212method\u00a0<\/b>METHOD<\/i><\/p>\n

\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00e5\u00ae\u00e7\u00e6\u00b9\u00e6\u00b3\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a8\u00e7\u00e6\u00b9\u00e6\u00b3\u00e6 DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 \u00e6 SHA512\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00e6\u00e6\u00af\u00e6\u00a8\u00e7 libc \u00e6\u00af\u00e6\u00e8\u00bf\u00e5\u00e6\u00b9\u00e6\u00b3\u00e3<\/p>\n

By default (if none of the \u2212c<\/b>, \u2212m<\/b>, or \u2212e<\/b> options are specified), the encryption method is defined by the ENCRYPT_METHOD<\/b> or MD5_CRYPT_ENAB<\/b> variables of \/etc\/login.defs.<\/p>\n

\u2212e<\/b>, \u2212\u2212encrypted<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00e4\u00be\u00e7\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e6\u00af\u00e5\u00b7\u00b2\u00e7\u00bb\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00ba\u00e7<\/p>\n

\u2212h<\/b>, \u2212\u2212help<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00e7\u00b0\u00e5\u00ae\u00e5\u00b8\u00ae\u00e5\u00a9\u00e4\u00bf\u00a1\u00e6\u00af\u00e5\u00b9\u00b6\u00e9\u00e5\u00ba\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u2212m<\/b>, \u2212\u2212md5<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e6\u00e4\u00be\u00e7\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e6\u00b2\u00a1\u00e6\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8 MD5 \u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e8\u00e4\u00b8\u00e6\u00af DES\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u2212R<\/b>, \u2212\u2212root\u00a0<\/b>CHROOT_DIR<\/i><\/p>\n

Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR<\/i> directory and use the configuration files from the CHROOT_DIR<\/i> directory.<\/p>\n

\u2212s<\/b>, \u2212\u2212sha\u2212rounds\u00a0<\/b>ROUNDS<\/i><\/p>\n

\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00e5\u00ae\u00e6\u00ac\u00a1\u00e6\u00b0\u00e7\u00e8\u00bd\u00ae\u00e8\u00bd\u00ac\u00e6\u00a5\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00bc 0 \u00e8\u00a1\u00a8\u00e7\u00a4\u00ba\u00e8\u00ae\u00a9\u00e7\u00b3\u00bb\u00e7\u00bb\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e6\u00b9\u00e6\u00b3\u00e9\u00e6\u00a9\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e7\u00e8\u00bd\u00ae\u00e8\u00bd\u00ac\u00e6\u00ac\u00a1\u00e6\u00b0 (5000)\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e4\u00bc\u00e5\u00bc\u00ba\u00e5\u00b6\u00e6\u00e5\u00b0 1,000\u00ef\u00bc\u00e6\u00e5\u00a4\u00a7 9,9999,9999<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00a8\u00e5\u00aa\u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e5\u00af\u00b9 SHA256 \u00e6 SHA512 \u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00a4\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9\u00e3<\/p>\n

By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS<\/b> and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS<\/b> variables in \/etc\/login.defs.<\/p>\n

CAVEATS <\/a> <\/h2>\n

\u00e8\u00ae\u00b0\u00e4\u00bd\u00e8\u00a6\u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e6\u00e9\u00e6\u00e8\u00e6\u00a9\u00e7\u00a0\u00e6\u00a5\u00e9\u00bb\u00e6\u00a2\u00e5\u00b6\u00e5\u00ae\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00b7\u00e5\u00af\u00b9\u00e6\u00aa\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6\u00e7\u00e8\u00af\u00bb\u00e5\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e9\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

\u00e5\u00a8 \/etc\/login.defs \u00e4\u00b8\u00e6\u00e5\u00a6\u00e4\u00b8\u00e9\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e5\u00e9\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00a5\u00e6\u00b4\u00e6\u00b9\u00e6\u00a4\u00e5\u00b7\u00a5\u00e5\u00b7\u00e7\u00e8\u00a1\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba\u00ef\u00bc<\/p>\n

ENCRYPT_METHOD<\/b> (string)<\/p>\n

\u00e8\u00bf\u00e5\u00ae\u00e4\u00b9\u00e4\u00ba\u00e7\u00b3\u00bb\u00e7\u00bb\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e7\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3(\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e6\u00b2\u00a1\u00e6\u00e5\u00a8\u00e5\u00bd\u00e4\u00bb\u00a4\u00e8\u00a1\u00e4\u00b8\u00e6\u00e5\u00ae\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3)\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00a6\u00e4\u00b8\u00e5\u00bc\u00ef\u00bcDES<\/i> (default), MD5<\/i>, SHA256<\/i>, SHA512<\/i>.<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00b3\u00a8\u00e6\u00ef\u00bc\u00e6\u00a4\u00e5\u00e6\u00b0\u00e4\u00bc\u00e8\u00a6\u00e7 MD5_CRYPT_ENAB<\/b> \u00e5\u00e9\u00e3<\/p>\n

MD5_CRYPT_ENAB<\/b> (boolean)<\/p>\n

\u00e8\u00a1\u00a8\u00e7\u00a4\u00ba\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e6\u00af\u00e5\u00a6\u00e5\u00bf\u00e9\u00a1\u00bb\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00ba\u00e4\u00ba MD5 \u00e7\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e3\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba yes<\/i>\u00ef\u00bc\u00e6\u00b0\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e5\u00b0\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00af\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e5\u00e6\u00b0\u00e7 FreeBSD \u00e5\u00bc\u00e5\u00ae\u00b9\u00e7\u00e5\u00ba\u00e4\u00ba MD5 \u00e7\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e3\u00e5\u00ae\u00e6\u00af\u00e6\u00e6\u00a0\u00e9\u00e9\u00bf\u00e5\u00ba\u00a6\u00e7\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e4\u00bb\u00a5\u00e5\u00e6\u00b4\u00e9\u00bf\u00e7\u00e7\u00e5- \u00e7\u00ac\u00a6\u00e4\u00b8\u00b2\u00e3\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e6\u00a8\u00e9\u00e8\u00a6\u00e5\u00b0\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e5\u00a4\u00e5\u00b6\u00e5\u00b0\u00e5\u00b6\u00e5\u00ae\u00e4\u00b8\u00e7\u00e8\u00a7\u00a3\u00e6\u00b0\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3\u00e7\u00e7\u00b3\u00bb\u00e7\u00bb\u00ef\u00bc\u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba no<\/i>\u00e3\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e5\u00bc\u00e6\u00af no<\/i>\u00e3<\/p>\n

This variable is superseded by the ENCRYPT_METHOD<\/b> variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm.<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00a4\u00e5\u00e9\u00e5\u00b7\u00b2\u00e7\u00bb\u00e5\u00ba\u00e5\u00bc\u00e3\u00e6\u00a8\u00e5\u00ba\u00e8\u00af\u00a5\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8 ENCRYPT_METHOD<\/b>\u00e3<\/p>\n

SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS<\/b> (number), SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS<\/b> (number)<\/p>\n

ENCRYPT_METHOD<\/b> \u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e4\u00b8\u00ba SHA256<\/i> \u00e6 SHA512<\/i> \u00e6\u00b6\u00ef\u00bc\u00e6- \u00a4\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9\u00e7\u00a1\u00ae\u00e5\u00ae\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00ae\u00e6\u00b3\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8 SHA \u00e8\u00bd\u00ae\u00e8\u00bd\u00ac\u00e6\u00b0\u00e7\u00ae(\u00e5\u00bd\u00e8\u00bd\u00ae\u00e8\u00bd\u00ac\u00e6\u00b0\u00e6\u00b2\u00a1\u00e6\u00e9\u00e8\u00bf\u00e5\u00bd\u00e4\u00bb\u00a4\u00e8\u00a1\u00e6\u00e5\u00ae\u00e6\u00b6)\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00be\u00e5\u00a4\u00e8\u00bd\u00ae\u00e8\u00bd\u00ac\u00ef\u00bc\u00e4\u00bc\u00e8\u00ae\u00a9\u00e6\u00b4\u00e5\u00e7\u00a0\u00b4\u00e8\u00a7\u00a3\u00e6\u00b4\u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00b0\u00e9\u00be\u00e3\u00e4\u00bd\u00e6\u00af\u00e9\u00e8\u00a6\u00e6\u00b3\u00a8\u00e6\u00ef\u00bc\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e8\u00af\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00b7\u00e6\u00b6\u00e4\u00b9\u00e4\u00bc\u00e9\u00e8\u00a6\u00e6\u00b4\u00e5\u00a4\u00e7 CPU \u00e8\u00b5\u00e6\u00ba\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e6\u00b2\u00a1\u00e6\u00e6\u00e5\u00ae\u00ef\u00bclibc \u00e4\u00bc\u00e9\u00e6\u00a9\u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e7\u00e8\u00bd\u00ae\u00e8\u00bd\u00ac\u00e6\u00b0(5000)\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00bc\u00e5\u00bf\u00e9\u00a1\u00bb\u00e5\u00a8 1000 \u2212 999,999,999 \u00e4\u00b9\u00e9\u00b4\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e5\u00aa\u00e8\u00ae\u00be\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e4\u00ba\u00e4\u00b8\u00e4\u00b8\u00aa SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS<\/b> \u00e6 SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS<\/b> \u00e5\u00bc\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00b0\u00b1\u00e4\u00bc\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e8\u00bf\u00e4\u00b8\u00aa\u00e5\u00bc\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6 SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS<\/b> > SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS<\/b>\u00ef\u00bc\u00e5\u00b0\u00e4\u00bc\u00e4\u00bd\u00bf\u00e7\u00a8\u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e7\u00e9\u00a3\u00e4\u00b8\u00aa\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

\/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n

\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00b7\u00e8\u00b4\u00a6\u00e6\u00b7\u00e4\u00bf\u00a1\u00e6\u00af\u00e3<\/p>\n

\/etc\/shadow<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00ae\u00e5\u00a8\u00e7\u00a8\u00e6\u00b7\u00e8\u00b4\u00a6\u00e6\u00b7\u00e4\u00bf\u00a1\u00e6\u00af\u00e3<\/p>\n

\/etc\/login.defs<\/p>\n

Shadow \u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e5\u00a5\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6\u00e9\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e3<\/p>\n

\u00e5\u00e8\u00a7 <\/a> <\/h2>\n

passwd<\/b>(1), newusers<\/b>(8), login.defs<\/b>(5),useradd<\/b>(8).<\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CHPASSWD \u00e5\u00e7\u00a7\u00b0 \u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e7\u00ba\u00b2 \u00e6\u00e8\u00bf\u00b0 \u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9 CAVEATS \u00e9\u00e7\u00bd\u00ae\u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6 \u00e6\u00e4\u00bb\u00b6 \u00e5\u00e8\u00a7 \u00e5\u00e7\u00a7\u00b0 chpasswd \u2212 \u00e6\u00b9\u00e9\u00e6\u00b4\u00e6\u00b0\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0 \u00e5\u00a4\u00a7\u00e7\u00ba\u00b2 chpasswd [\u00e9\u00e9\u00a1\u00b9] \u00e6\u00e8\u00bf\u00b0 The chpasswd command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users. Each line is of the format: user_name:password \u00e9\u00bb\u00e8\u00ae\u00a4\u00e5\u00bf\u00e9\u00a1\u00bb\u00e6\u00e6\u00e6\u00e4\u00be\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00ef\u00bc\u00e7\u00b6\u00e5\u00e7\u00b1 chpasswd \u00e5\u00a0\u00e5\u00af\u00e3\u00e5\u00a6\u00e6\u00e5- \u00e5\u00a8\u00e5\u00af\u00e7\u00a0\u00e5\u00b9\u00b4\u00e9\u00be\u00e4\u00bf\u00a1\u00e6\u00af\u00ef\u00bc\u00e4\u00b9\u00e4\u00bc\u00e6\u00b4\u00e6\u00b0\u00e4\u00b9\u00e3 The […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[5,52,650,1284],"class_list":["post-4250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-8-administracion-del-sistema","tag-5","tag-administracion","tag-chpasswd","tag-zh_cn"],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4250"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4250\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}