{"id":3681,"date":"2022-12-20T17:19:45","date_gmt":"2022-12-20T20:19:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/index.php\/2022\/12\/20\/shorewall-man8\/"},"modified":"2022-12-20T17:19:45","modified_gmt":"2022-12-20T20:19:45","slug":"shorewall-man8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lode.uno\/linux-man\/2022\/12\/20\/shorewall-man8\/","title":{"rendered":"SHOREWALL (man8)"},"content":{"rendered":"

SHOREWALL<\/h1>\n

NAME<\/a>
SYNOPSIS<\/a>
DESCRIPTION<\/a>
OPTIONS<\/a>
COMMANDS<\/a>
EXIT STATUS<\/a>
ENVIRONMENT<\/a>
FILES<\/a>
SEE ALSO<\/a>
NOTES<\/a> <\/p>\n

\n

NAME <\/a> <\/h2>\n

shorewall \u2212 Administration tool for Shoreline Firewall (Shorewall)<\/p>\n

SYNOPSIS <\/a> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] add\u00a0{<\/b> interface<\/i>[:host\u2212list<\/i>]… zone\u00a0<\/i>|\u00a0<\/b>zone\u00a0host\u2212list\u00a0<\/i>}<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] allow<\/b> address<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] blacklist[!]<\/b> address\u00a0<\/i>[option\u00a0<\/i>…]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] call<\/b> function\u00a0<\/i>[parameter\u00a0<\/i>…]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [trace<\/b>|debug<\/b>] [options] [check\u00a0|\u00a0ck\u00a0<\/b>] [\u2212e<\/b>] [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212r<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [directory<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] clear\u00a0<\/b>[\u2212f<\/b>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] close\u00a0<\/b>{\u00a0open\u2212number\u00a0<\/i>|\u00a0sourcedest\u00a0<\/i>[protocol\u00a0<\/i>[\u00a0port\u00a0<\/i>]]}\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [trace<\/b>|debug<\/b>] [options] [compile\u00a0|\u00a0co\u00a0<\/b>] [\u2212e<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [directory<\/i>] [pathname<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] delete\u00a0{<\/b> interface<\/i>[:host\u2212list<\/i>]… zone\u00a0<\/i>|\u00a0<\/b>zone\u00a0host\u2212list\u00a0<\/i>}<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] disable<\/b> {\u00a0interface\u00a0<\/i>|\u00a0provider\u00a0<\/i>}<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] drop<\/b> address<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] dump<\/b> [\u2212x<\/b>] [\u2212l<\/b>] [\u2212m<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] enable<\/b> {\u00a0interface\u00a0<\/i>|\u00a0provider\u00a0<\/i>}<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] export<\/b> [directory1<\/i>] [user<\/i>@]system<\/i>[:<\/b>directory2<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] forget<\/b> [filename<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] help<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] hits\u00a0<\/b>[\u2212t<\/b>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] ipcalc<\/b> {address\u00a0mask<\/i> | address<\/i>\/vlsm<\/i>}<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] iprange<\/b> address1<\/i>\u2212<\/b>address2<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] iptrace<\/b> iptables\u00a0match\u00a0expression<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] logdrop<\/b> address<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] logwatch<\/b> [\u2212m<\/b>] [refresh\u2212interval<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] logreject<\/b> address<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] noiptrace<\/b> iptables\u00a0match\u00a0expression<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] open\u00a0<\/b>source\u00a0dest\u00a0<\/i>[\u00a0protocol\u00a0<\/i>[\u00a0port\u00a0<\/i>]\u00a0]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] reenable<\/b> {\u00a0interface\u00a0<\/i>|\u00a0provider\u00a0<\/i>}<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] reject<\/b> address<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] reload<\/b> [\u2212n<\/b>] [\u2212p\u00a0<\/b>[\u2212d<\/b>]] [\u2212f<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [\u2212C<\/b>] [directory<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6] remote\u2212getcaps<\/b> [\u2212s<\/b>] [\u2212R<\/b>] [\u2212r\u00a0<\/b>root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [[\u2212D<\/b>]directory<\/i>] [system<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] remote\u2212getrc<\/b> [\u2212s<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212r\u00a0<\/b>root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [[\u2212D<\/b>]directory<\/i>] [system<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] remote\u2212start<\/b> [\u2212s<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212r\u00a0<\/b>root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [[\u2212D<\/b>]directory<\/i>] [system<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] remote\u2212reload<\/b> [\u2212s<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212r\u00a0<\/b>root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [[\u2212D<\/b>]directory<\/i>] [system<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] remote\u2212restart<\/b> [\u2212s<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212r\u00a0<\/b>root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [[\u2212D<\/b>]directory<\/i>] [system<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] reset\u00a0<\/b>[chain\u00a0<\/i>…]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] restart<\/b> [\u2212n<\/b>] [\u2212p\u00a0<\/b>[\u2212d<\/b>]] [\u2212f<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [\u2212C<\/b>] [directory<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] restore\u00a0<\/b>[\u2212n<\/b>]\u00a0[\u2212p<\/b>]\u00a0[\u2212C<\/b>] [filename<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] run<\/b> command<\/i> [parameter\u00a0…<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] safe\u2212restart<\/b> [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212t\u00a0<\/b>timeout<\/i>] [directory<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] safe\u2212start<\/b> [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212t\u00a0<\/b>timeout<\/i>] [directory<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] save\u00a0<\/b>[\u2212C<\/b>] [filename<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] savesets<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} [\u2212x<\/b>] {bl|blacklists}<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} [\u2212b<\/b>] [\u2212x<\/b>] [\u2212l<\/b>] [\u2212t\u00a0<\/b>{filter<\/b>|mangle<\/b>|nat<\/b>|raw<\/b>}] [chain<\/i>…]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} [\u2212f<\/b>] capabilities<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} [\u2212f<\/b>] {actions|macros}<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} action\u00a0<\/b>action<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} {classifiers|connections|config|events|filters|ip|ipa|ipsec|zones|policies|marks<\/b>}<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} event\u00a0<\/b>event<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} [\u2212c<\/b>] routing<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} macro\u00a0<\/b>macro<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} [\u2212x<\/b>] {mangle|nat|raw<\/b>}<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} saves<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] {show\u00a0|\u00a0list\u00a0|\u00a0ls\u00a0<\/b>} [\u2212m<\/b>] log<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [trace<\/b>|debug<\/b>] [options] start<\/b> [\u2212n<\/b>] [\u2212f<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212T\u00a0<\/b>[\u2212i<\/b>]] [\u2212C<\/b>] [directory<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] stop\u00a0<\/b>[\u2212f<\/b>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] status\u00a0<\/b>[\u2212i<\/b>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] try<\/b> directory<\/i> [timeout<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6]<\/b> [options] update<\/b> [\u2212b<\/b>] [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212r<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212a<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [\u2212A<\/b>] [directory<\/i>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall[6][\u2212lite]<\/b> [options] version\u00a0<\/b>[\u2212a<\/b>]<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

DESCRIPTION <\/a> <\/h2>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 5.1.0, the shorewall<\/b> utility is used to control the Shoreline Firewall (Shorewall), Shorewall Firewall 6 (Shorewall6), Shorewall Firewall Lite (Shorewall\u2212lite) and Shorewall Firewall 6 Lite (Shorewall6\u2212lite). The utility may be accessed under four different names:<\/p>\n

shorewall<\/b><\/p>\n

Controls the Shorewall configuration when Shorewall is installed. If Shorewall is not installed, the shorewall<\/b> command controls Shorewall\u2212lite if it is installed. If neither Shorewall nor Shorewall\u2212lite is installed, the shorewall<\/b> command controls Shorewall6\u2212lite if it is installed.<\/p>\n

shorewall6<\/b><\/p>\n

The shorewall6<\/b> command controls Shorewall6 when Shorewall6 is installed.<\/p>\n

shorewall\u2212lite<\/p>\n

The shorewall\u2212lite<\/b> command controls Shorewall\u2212lite when Shorewall\u2212lite is installed.<\/p>\n

shorewall6\u2212lite<\/p>\n

The shorewall6\u2212lite<\/b> command controls Shorewall6\u2212lite when Shorewall6\u2212lite is installed.<\/p>\n

Prior to Shorewall 5.1.0, these four commands were implemented as four separate program, each of which controlled only a single firewall package. This manpage serves to document both the Shorewall 5.1 and Shorewall 5.0 CLI.<\/p>\n

OPTIONS <\/a> <\/h2>\n

The options<\/i> are:<\/p>\n

\u22124<\/b><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.1.0. Causes the command to operate on the Shorewall configuration or the Shorewall\u2212lite configuration. It is the default when either of those products is installed and when the command is shorewall<\/b> or shorewall\u2212lite<\/b>.<\/p>\n

\u22126<\/b><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.1.0. Causes the command to operate on the Shorewall6 or Shorewall6\u2212lite configuration. It is the default when only Shorewall6\u2212lite is installed and when the command is shorewall6<\/b> or shorewall6\u2212lite<\/b>.<\/p>\n

\u2212l<\/b><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.1.0. Causes the command to operate on either Shorewall\u2212lite or Shorewall\u22126 lite and is the default when Shorewall is not installed or when the command is shorewall\u2212lite<\/b> or shorewall6\u2212lite<\/b>.<\/p>\n

With all four firewall products (Shorewall, Shorewall6, Shorewall\u2212lite and Shorewall6\u2212lite) installed, the following table shows the correspondence between the name used to invoke the command and the shorewall<\/b> command with the above three options.<\/p>\n

Table\u00a01.\u00a0All four products installed<\/b><\/p>\n<\/table>\n

\"Image<\/b><\/p>\n

The next table shows the correspondence when only Shorewall\u2212lite and Shorewall6\u2212lite are installed.<\/p>\n

Table\u00a02.\u00a0Only Shorewall\u2212lite and Shorewall6\u2212lite installed<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Image<\/b><\/p>\n

Note that when Shorewall isn’t installed, the ‘shorewall’ command behaves like shorewall\u2212lite. The same is not true with respect to Shorewall6, “shorewall6″ and ‘shorewall6\u2212lite”. You can make ‘shorewall6’ behave like ‘shorewallt\u2212lite’ by adding the following command to root’s .profile file (or to .bashrc, if root’s shell is bash):<\/p>\n

alias shorewall6=shorewall6\u2212lite<\/p>\n

\u2212v<\/b>[verbosity<\/i>]<\/p>\n

Alters the amount of output produced by the command. If neither the \u2212v<\/b> nor \u2212q<\/b> option are specified, the amount of output is determined by the VERBOSITY setting in shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b> [1]<\/font><\/small> (5) (<\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b> [1]<\/font><\/small> (5)).<\/font><\/p>\n

When no verbosity<\/i> is specified, each instance of this option causes 1 to be added to the effective verbosity. When verbosity<\/i> (\u22121,0,1 or 2) is given, the command is executed at the specified VERBOSITY. There may be no white\u2212space between \u2212v<\/b> and the verbosity<\/i>.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u2212q<\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

Alters the amount of output produced by the command. If neither the \u2212v<\/b> nor \u2212q<\/b> option are specified, the amount of output is determined by the VERBOSITY setting in<\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b> [1]<\/font><\/small> (5) (<\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b> [1]<\/font><\/small> (5)).<\/font><\/p>\n

Each instance of this option causes 1 to be subtracted from the effective verbosity.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u2212t<\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

Causes all progress messages to be timestamped.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u2212T<\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.2.4 to replace the earlier trace<\/b> keyword.. If the command invokes the generated firewall script, the script’s execution will be traced to standard error.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u2212D<\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.2.4 to replace the earlier debug keyword. If the command invokes the generated firewall script, individual invocations of the ip[6]tables utility will be used to configure the ruleset rather than ip[6]tables\u2212restore. This is useful for diagnosing ip[6]tables\u2212restore failures on a *COMMIT command.<\/font><\/p>\n

Note<\/big><\/b>
Prior to Shorewall 5.2.4, the general syntax for a CLI command was:<\/font><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

[trace|debug<\/b>] [nolock<\/b>] [options<\/i>] command<\/i> [command\u2212options<\/i>] [command\u2212arguments<\/i>]<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

Examples:<\/font><\/p>\n

shorewall debug \u2212tv2 reload
shorewall trace check
shorewall nolock enable eth0<\/font><\/p>\n

In Shorewall 5.2.4 and later, those commands would be:<\/font><\/p>\n

shorewall \u2212Dtv2 reload
shorewall check \u2212D
shorewall \u2212N enable eth0<\/font><\/p>\n

While not shown in the command synopses at the top of this page, the nolock<\/b> keyword is still supported in Shorewall 5.2.4 and later, but is deprecated in favor of the \u2212N<\/b> option.<\/font><\/p>\n

COMMANDS <\/a> <\/h2>\n

The available commands are listed below.<\/font><\/p>\n

add<\/b> { interface<\/i>[:host\u2212list<\/i>]… zone<\/i> | zone host\u2212list<\/i> }<\/font><\/p>\n

Adds a list of hosts or subnets to a dynamic zone usually used with VPN’s.<\/font><\/p>\n

The interface<\/i> argument names an interface defined in the<\/font> shorewall\u2212interfaces<\/font><\/b> [2]<\/font><\/small> (5) (<\/font>shorewall6\u2212interfaces<\/font><\/b> [2]<\/font><\/small> (5))file. A host\u2212list<\/i> is comma\u2212separated list whose elements are host or network addresses..if n .sp<\/font><\/p>\n

Caution<\/big><\/b>
The add<\/b> command is not very robust. If there are errors in the host\u2212list<\/i>, you may see a large number of error messages yet a subsequent shorewall show zones<\/b> command will indicate that all hosts were added. If this happens, replace add<\/b> by delete<\/b> and run the same command again. Then enter the correct command.<\/font><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.9, the dynamic_shared<\/b> zone option (<\/font>shorewall\u2212zones<\/font><\/b> [3]<\/font><\/small> (5),<\/font>shorewall6\u2212zones<\/font><\/b> [3]<\/font><\/small> (5)) allows a single ipset to handle entries for multiple interfaces. When that option is specified for a zone, the add<\/b> command has the alternative syntax in which the zone<\/i> name precedes the host\u2212list<\/i>.<\/font><\/p>\n

allow<\/big><\/b> address<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Re\u2212enables receipt of packets from hosts previously blacklisted by a blacklist<\/b>, drop<\/b>, logdrop<\/b>, reject<\/b>, or logreject<\/b> command.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

blacklist[!]<\/b> address<\/i> [ option<\/i> … ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.0.8 and requires DYNAMIC_BLACKLIST=ipset.. in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5). Causes packets from the given host or network address<\/i> to be dropped, based on the setting of BLACKLIST in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5). The address<\/i> along with any option<\/i>s are passed to the ipset add<\/b> command. Probably the most useful option<\/i> is the timeout<\/b> option. For example, to permanently blacklist 192.0.2.22, the command would be:<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

shorewall blacklist 192.0.2.22 timeout 0<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 5.2.5, the above command can be shortened to:<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

shorewall blacklist! 192.0.2.22<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If the disconnect<\/b> option is specified in the DYNAMIC_BLACKLISTING setting, then the effective VERBOSITY determines the amount of information displayed:<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

\u2022 If the effective verbosity is > 0, then a message giving the number of conntrack flows deleted by the command is displayed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

\u2022 If the effective verbosity is > 1, then the conntrack table entries deleted by the command are also displayed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

call<\/b> function<\/i> [<\/b> parameter<\/i> … ]<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.6.10. Allows you to call a function in one of the Shorewall libraries or in your compiled script. function must name the shell function to be called. The listed parameters are passed to the function.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The function is first searched for in lib.base, lib.common, lib.cli and lib.cli\u2212std. If it is not found, the call command is passed to the generated script to be executed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

check<\/b> [\u2212e<\/b>] [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212r<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [\u2212D][directory<\/i>]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Not available with Shorewall[6]\u2212lite.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Compiles the configuration in the specified directory<\/i> and discards the compiled output script. If no directory<\/i> is given, then \/etc\/shorewall is assumed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212e<\/b> option causes the compiler to look for a file named capabilities. This file is produced using the command shorewall\u2212lite show \u2212f capabilities > capabilities<\/b> on a system with Shorewall Lite installed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212d<\/b> option causes the compiler to be run under control of the Perl debugger.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212p<\/b> option causes the compiler to be profiled via the Perl \u2212wd:DProf<\/b> command\u2212line option.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212r<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.5.2 and causes the compiler to print the generated ruleset to standard out.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212T<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.4.20 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler\u2212generated error and warning message.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212i<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.0 and causes a warning message to be issued if the current line contains alternative input specifications following a semicolon (“;”). Such lines will be handled incorrectly if INLINE_MATCHES is set to Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212D<\/b> option was added in Shoewall 5.2.4 and causes the compiler to write a large amount of debugging information to standard output.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

clear<\/b> [\u2212f<\/b>]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Clear will remove all rules and chains installed by Shorewall. The firewall is then wide open and unprotected. Existing connections are untouched. Clear is often used to see if the firewall is causing connection problems.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If \u2212f<\/b> is given, the command will be processed by the compiled script that executed the last successful start<\/b>, restart<\/b> or reload<\/b> command if that script exists.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

close<\/b> { open\u2212number<\/i> | source dest<\/i> [ protocol<\/i> [ port<\/i> ] ] }<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.5.8. This command closes a temporary open created by the open<\/b> command. In the first form, an open\u2212number<\/i> specifies the open to be closed. Open numbers are displayed in the num<\/b> column of the output of the shorewall show opens<\/b> command.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

When the second form of the command is used, the parameters must match those given in the earlier open<\/b> command.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

This command requires that the firewall be in the started state and that DYNAMIC_BLACKLIST=Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf (5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] .<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

compile<\/b> [\u2212e<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [\u2212D] [ directory<\/i> ] [ pathname<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Not available with shorewall[6]\u2212lite.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Compiles the current configuration into the executable file pathname<\/i>. If a directory<\/i> is supplied, Shorewall will look in that directory first for configuration files. If the pathname<\/i> is omitted, the file firewall in the VARDIR (normally \/var\/lib\/shorewall\/) is assumed. A pathname<\/i> of ‘\u2212’ causes the compiler to send the generated script to it’s standard output file. Note that ‘\u2212v\u22121’ is usually specified in this case (e.g., shorewall \u2212v\u22121 compile \u2212\u2212 \u2212<\/b>) to suppress the ‘Compiling…’ message normally generated by \/sbin\/shorewall.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

When \u2212e<\/b> is specified, the compilation is being performed on a system other than where the compiled script will run. This option disables certain configuration options that require the script to be compiled where it is to be run. The use of \u2212e<\/b> requires the presence of a configuration file named capabilities which may be produced using the command shorewall\u2212lite show \u2212f capabilities > capabilities<\/b> on a system with Shorewall Lite installed<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212c<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.5.17 and causes conditional compilation of a script. The script specified by pathname<\/i> (or implied if pathname<\/b> is omitted) is compiled if it doesn’t exist or if there is any file in the directory<\/i> or in a directory on the CONFIG_PATH that has a modification time later than the file to be compiled. When no compilation is needed, a message is issued and an exit status of zero is returned.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212d<\/b> option causes the compiler to be run under control of the Perl debugger.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212p<\/b> option causes the compiler to be profiled via the Perl \u2212wd:DProf<\/b> command\u2212line option.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212T<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.4.20 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler\u2212generated error and warning message.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212i<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.0 and causes a warning message to be issued if the current line contains alternative input specifications following a semicolon (“;”). Such lines will be handled incorrectly if INLINE_MATCHES is set to Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212D<\/b> option was added in Shoewall 5.2.4 and causes the compiler to write a large amount of debugging information to standard output.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

delete<\/b> { interface<\/i>[:host\u2212list<\/i>]… zone<\/i> | zone host\u2212list<\/i> }<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The delete command reverses the effect of an earlier add<\/b> command.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The interface<\/i> argument names an interface defined in the<\/big><\/font> shorewall\u2212interfaces<\/font><\/b><\/big> [2] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6\u2212interfaces<\/font><\/b><\/big> [2] (5) file. A host\u2212list<\/i> is comma\u2212separated list whose elements are a host or network address.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.9, the dynamic_shared<\/b> zone option (<\/big><\/font>shorewall\u2212zones<\/font><\/b><\/big> [3] (5),<\/big><\/font> shorewall6\u2212zones<\/font><\/b><\/big> [3] (5)) allows a single ipset to handle entries for multiple interfaces. When that option is specified for a zone, the delete<\/b> command has the alternative syntax in which the zone<\/i> name precedes the host\u2212list<\/i>.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

disable<\/b> { interface<\/i> | provider<\/i> }<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.4.26. Disables the optional provider associated with the specified interface<\/i> or provider<\/i>. Where more than one provider share a single network interface, a provider<\/i> name must be given.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.10, this command may be used with any optional network interface. interface<\/i> may be either the logical or physical name of the interface. The command removes any routes added from<\/big><\/font> shorewall\u2212routes<\/font><\/b><\/big> [4] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6\u2212routes<\/font><\/b><\/big> [4] (5))and any traffic shaping configuration for the interface.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

drop<\/b> address<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Causes traffic from the listed address<\/i>es to be silently dropped. This command requires that the firewall be in the started state and that DYNAMIC_BLACKLIST=Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf (5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] .<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

dump<\/b> [\u2212x<\/b>] [\u2212l<\/b>] [\u2212m<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Produces a verbose report about the firewall configuration for the purpose of problem analysis.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212x<\/b> option causes actual packet and byte counts to be displayed. Without that option, these counts are abbreviated.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212m<\/b> option causes any MAC addresses included in Shorewall log messages to be displayed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212l<\/b> option causes the rule number for each Netfilter rule to be displayed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212c<\/b> option causes the route cache to be dumped in addition to the other routing information.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

enable<\/b> { interface<\/i> | provider<\/i> }<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.4.26. Enables the optional provider associated with the specified interface<\/i> or provider<\/i>. Where more than one provider share a single network interface, a provider<\/i> name must be given.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.10, this command may be used with any optional network interface. interface<\/i> may be either the logical or physical name of the interface. The command sets \/proc entries for the interface, adds any route specified in<\/big><\/font> shorewall\u2212routes<\/font><\/b><\/big> [4] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6\u2212routes<\/font><\/b><\/big> [4] (5)) and installs the interface’s traffic shaping configuration, if any.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

export<\/b> [ directory1<\/i> ] [ user<\/i>@]system<\/i>[:directory2<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Not available with Shorewall[6]\u2212lite.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If directory1<\/i> is omitted, the current working directory is assumed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Allows a non\u2212root user to compile a shorewall script and stage it on a system (provided that the user has access to the system via ssh). The command is equivalent to:<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

\/sbin\/shorewall compile \u2212e<\/b> directory1 directory1<\/i>\/firewall &&
scp<\/b> directory1\/firewall<\/b> directory1<\/i>\/firewall.conf<\/b> [user<\/i>@]system<\/b>:[directory2<\/i>]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

In other words, the configuration in the specified (or defaulted) directory is compiled to a file called firewall in that directory. If compilation succeeds, then firewall and firewall.conf are copied to system<\/i> using scp.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

forget<\/b> [ filename<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Deletes \/var\/lib\/shorewall\/filename<\/i> and \/var\/lib\/shorewall\/save. If no filename<\/i> is given then the file specified by RESTOREFILE in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)) is assumed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

help<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Displays a syntax summary.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

hits<\/b> [\u2212t<\/b>]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Generates several reports from Shorewall log messages in the current log file. If the \u2212t<\/b> option is included, the reports are restricted to log messages generated today. Not available with Shorewall6[\u2212lite].<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

ipcalc<\/b> { address mask | address\/vlsm }<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Ipcalc displays the network address, broadcast address, network in CIDR notation and netmask corresponding to the input[s]. Not available with Shorewall6[\u2212lite].<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

iprange<\/b> address1<\/i>\u2212address2<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Iprange decomposes the specified range of IP addresses into the equivalent list of network\/host addresses. Not available with Shorewall6[\u2212lite].<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

iptrace<\/b> iptables match expression<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

This is a low\u2212level debugging command that causes iptables TRACE log records to be created. See iptables(8) for details.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The iptables match expression<\/i> must be one or more matches that may appear in both the raw table OUTPUT and raw table PREROUTING chains.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The log message destination is determined by the currently\u2212selected IPv4 or IPv6<\/big><\/font> logging backend<\/font><\/b><\/big> [5] .<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

list<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

list<\/b> is a synonym for show<\/b> \u2212\u2212 please see below.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

logdrop<\/b> address<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Causes traffic from the listed address<\/i>es to be logged then discarded. Logging occurs at the log level specified by the BLACKLIST_LOGLEVEL setting in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)). This command requires that the firewall be in the started state and that DYNAMIC_BLACKLIST=Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf (5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] .<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

logwatch<\/b> [\u2212m<\/b>] [ refresh\u2212interval<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Monitors the log file specified by the LOGFILE option in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)) and produces an audible alarm when new Shorewall messages are logged. The \u2212m<\/b> option causes the MAC address of each packet source to be displayed if that information is available. The refresh\u2212interval<\/i> specifies the time in seconds between screen refreshes. You can enter a negative number by preceding the number with “\u2212\u2212” (e.g., shorewall logwatch \u2212\u2212 \u221230<\/b>). In this case, when a packet count changes, you will be prompted to hit any key to resume screen refreshes.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

logreject<\/b> address<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Causes traffic from the listed address<\/i>es to be logged then rejected. Logging occurs at the log level specified by the BLACKLIST_LOGLEVEL setting in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5), (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)). This command requires that the firewall be in the started state and that DYNAMIC_BLACKLIST=Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf (5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] .<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

ls<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

ls<\/b> is a synonym for show<\/b> \u2212\u2212 please see below.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

noiptrace<\/b> iptables match expression<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

This is a low\u2212level debugging command that cancels a trace started by a preceding iptrace<\/b> command.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The iptables match expression<\/i> must be one given in the iptrace<\/b> command being canceled.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

open<\/b> source dest<\/i> [ protocol<\/i> [ port<\/i> ] ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.6.8. This command requires that the firewall be in the started state and that DYNAMIC_BLACKLIST=Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf (5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] . The effect of the command is to temporarily open the firewall for connections matching the parameters.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The source<\/i> and dest<\/i> parameters may each be specified as all<\/b> if you don’t wish to restrict the connection source or destination respectively. Otherwise, each must contain a host or network address or a valid DNS name.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The protocol<\/i> may be specified either as a number or as a name listed in \/etc\/protocols. The port<\/i> may be specified numerically or as a name listed in \/etc\/services.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

To reverse the effect of a successful open<\/b> command, use the close<\/b> command with the same parameters or simply restart the firewall.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Example: To open the firewall for SSH connections to address 192.168.1.1, the command would be:<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

shorewall open all 192.168.1.1 tcp 22<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

To reverse that command, use:<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

shorewall close all 192.168.1.1 tcp 22<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

reenable<\/b>{ interface<\/i> | provider<\/i> }<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.6.9. This is equivalent to a disable<\/b> command followed by an enable<\/b> command on the specified interface<\/i> or provider<\/i>.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

reject<\/b> address<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Causes traffic from the listed address<\/i>es to be silently rejected. This command requires that the firewall be in the started state and that DYNAMIC_BLACKLIST=Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf (5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] .<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

reload<\/b> [\u2212n<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212f<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [\u2212C<\/b>] [\u2212D] [ directory<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

This command was re\u2212implemented in Shorewall 5.0.0. The pre\u22125.0.0 reload<\/b> command is now called remote\u2212restart<\/b> (see below).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Shorewall and Shorewall6<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Reload is similar to shorewall start<\/b> except that it assumes that the firewall is already started. Existing connections are maintained. If a directory<\/i> is included in the command, Shorewall will look in that directory<\/i> first for configuration files.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212n<\/b> option causes Shorewall to avoid updating the routing table(s).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212p<\/b> option causes the connection tracking table to be flushed; the conntrack<\/b> utility must be installed to use this option.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212d<\/b> option causes the compiler to run under the Perl debugger.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212f<\/b> option suppresses the compilation step and simply reused the compiled script which last started\/restarted Shorewall, provided that \/etc\/shorewall and its contents have not been modified since the last start\/restart.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212c<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.4.20 and performs the compilation step unconditionally, overriding the AUTOMAKE setting in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (Shorewall and Shorewall6 only). When both \u2212f<\/b> and \u2212c<\/b> are present, the result is determined by the option that appears last.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212T<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler\u2212generated error and warning message.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212i<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.0 and causes a warning message to be issued if the current line contains alternative input specifications following a semicolon (“;”). Such lines will be handled incorrectly if INLINE_MATCHES is set to Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5))..<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212C<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.5 and is only meaningful when AUTOMAKE=Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)). If an existing firewall script is used and if that script was the one that generated the current running configuration, then the running netfilter configuration will be reloaded as is so as to preserve the iptables packet and byte counters.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212D<\/b> option was added in Shoewall 5.2.4 and causes the compiler to write a large amount of debugging information to standard output.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Shorewall\u2212lite and Shorewall6\u2212lite<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Reload is similar to shorewall start<\/b> except that it assumes that the firewall is already started. Existing connections are maintained.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212n<\/b> option causes Shorewall to avoid updating the routing table(s).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212p<\/b> option causes the connection tracking table to be flushed; the conntrack<\/b> utility must be installed to use this option.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212C<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.5 If the existing firewall script is the one that generated the current running configuration, then the running netfilter configuration will be reloaded as is so as to preserve the iptables packet and byte counters.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

remote\u2212getcaps<\/b> [\u2212R<\/b>] [\u2212r<\/b> root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i>] [ [ \u2212D ] directory<\/i> ] [ system<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shoreall 5.2.0, this command executes shorewall[6]\u2212lite show capabilities \u2212f > \/var\/lib\/shorewall[6]\u2212lite\/capabilities<\/b> on the remote system<\/i> via ssh then the generated file is copied to directory<\/i> on the local system. If no directory<\/i> is given, the current working directory is assumed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

if \u2212R<\/b> is included, the remote shorewallrc file is also copied to directory<\/i>.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If \u2212r<\/b> is included, it specifies that the root user on system<\/i> is named root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i> rather than “root”.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

remote\u2212getrc<\/b> [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212r<\/b> root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i>] [ [ \u2212D ] directory<\/i> ] [ system<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shoreall 5.2.0, this command copies the shorewallrc file from the remote system<\/i> to directory<\/i> on the local system. If no directory<\/i> is given, the current working directory is assumed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

if \u2212c<\/b> is included, the remote capabilities are also copied to directory<\/i>, as is done by the remote\u2212getcaps<\/b> command.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If \u2212r<\/b> is included, it specifies that the root user on system<\/i> is named root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i> rather than “root”.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

remote\u2212start<\/b> [\u2212n<\/b>] [\u2212s<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212r<\/b> root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [ [ \u2212D ] directory<\/i> ] [ system<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

This command was renamed from load<\/b> in Shorewall 5.0.0 and is only available in Shorewall and Shoreawall6.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If directory<\/i> is omitted, the current working directory is assumed. Allows a non\u2212root user to compile a shorewall script and install it on a system (provided that the user has root access to the system via ssh). The command is equivalent to:<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

\/sbin\/shorewall compile \u2212e<\/b> directory directory<\/i>\/firewall &&
scp<\/b> directory<\/i>\/firewall<\/b> directory<\/i>\/firewall.conf root@<\/b>system<\/i>:\/var\/lib\/shorewall\u2212lite\/ &&
ssh root@<\/b>system<\/i> ‘\/sbin\/shorewall\u2212lite start’<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

In other words, the configuration in the specified (or defaulted) directory is compiled to a file called firewall in that directory. If compilation succeeds, then firewall is copied to system<\/i> using scp. If the copy succeeds, Shorewall Lite on system<\/i> is started via ssh. Beginning with Shorewall 5.0.13, if system<\/i> is omitted, then the FIREWALL option setting in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [6] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf(5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] ) is assumed. In that case, if you want to specify a directory<\/i>, then the \u2212D<\/b> option must be given.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212n<\/b> option causes Shorewall to avoid updating the routing table(s).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If \u2212s<\/b> is specified and the start<\/b> command succeeds, then the remote Shorewall\u2212lite configuration is saved by executing shorewall\u2212lite save<\/b> via ssh.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

if \u2212c<\/b> is included, the command shorewall[6]\u2212lite show capabilities \u2212f > \/var\/lib\/shorewall[6]\u2212lite\/capabilities<\/b> is executed via ssh then the generated file is copied to directory<\/i> using scp. This step is performed before the configuration is compiled.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If \u2212r<\/b> is included, it specifies that the root user on system<\/i> is named root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i> rather than “root”.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212T<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler\u2212generated error and warning message.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

remote\u2212reload<\/b> [\u2212s<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212r<\/b> root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [ [ \u2212D ] directory<\/i> ] [ system<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

This command was added in Shorewall 5.0.0 and is only available in Shorewall and Shorewall6.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If directory<\/i> is omitted, the current working directory is assumed. Allows a non\u2212root user to compile a shorewall script and install it on a system (provided that the user has root access to the system via ssh). The command is equivalent to:<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

\/sbin\/shorewall compile \u2212e<\/b> directory directory<\/i>\/firewall &&
scp<\/b> directory<\/i>\/firewall<\/b> directory<\/i>\/firewall.conf root@<\/b>system<\/i>:\/var\/lib\/shorewall\u2212lite\/ &&
ssh root@<\/b>system<\/i> ‘\/sbin\/shorewall\u2212lite reload’<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

In other words, the configuration in the specified (or defaulted) directory is compiled to a file called firewall in that directory. If compilation succeeds, then firewall is copied to system<\/i> using scp. If the copy succeeds, Shorewall Lite on system<\/i> is restarted via ssh. Beginning with Shorewall 5.0.13, if system<\/i> is omitted, then the FIREWALL option setting in<\/big><\/font> shorewall6.conf(5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)) is assumed. In that case, if you want to specify a directory<\/i>, then the \u2212D<\/b> option must be given.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If \u2212s<\/b> is specified and the restart<\/b> command succeeds, then the remote Shorewall\u2212lite configuration is saved by executing shorewall\u2212lite save<\/b> via ssh.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

if \u2212c<\/b> is included, the command shorewall\u2212lite show capabilities \u2212f > \/var\/lib\/shorewall\u2212lite\/capabilities<\/b> is executed via ssh then the generated file is copied to directory<\/i> using scp. This step is performed before the configuration is compiled.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If \u2212r<\/b> is included, it specifies that the root user on system<\/i> is named root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i> rather than “root”.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212T<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler\u2212generated error and warning message.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212i<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.0 and causes a warning message to be issued if the current line contains alternative input specifications following a semicolon (“;”). Such lines will be handled incorrectly if INLINE_MATCHES is set to Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

remote\u2212restart<\/b> [\u2212s<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212r<\/b> root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [ [ \u2212D ] directory<\/i> ] [ system<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

This command was renamed from reload<\/b> in Shorewall 5.0.0 and is available in Shorewall and Shorewall6 only.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If directory<\/i> is omitted, the current working directory is assumed. Allows a non\u2212root user to compile a shorewall script and install it on a system (provided that the user has root access to the system via ssh). The command is equivalent to:<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

\/sbin\/shorewall compile \u2212e<\/b> directory directory<\/i>\/firewall &&
scp<\/b> directory<\/i>\/firewall<\/b> directory<\/i>\/firewall.conf root@<\/b>system<\/i>:\/var\/lib\/shorewall\u2212lite\/ &&
ssh root@<\/b>system<\/i> ‘\/sbin\/shorewall\u2212lite restart’<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

In other words, the configuration in the specified (or defaulted) directory is compiled to a file called firewall in that directory. If compilation succeeds, then firewall is copied to system<\/i> using scp. If the copy succeeds, Shorewall Lite on system<\/i> is restarted via ssh. Beginning with Shorewall 5.0.13, if system<\/i> is omitted, then the FIREWALL option setting in<\/big><\/font> shorewall6.conf(5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)) is assumed. In that case, if you want to specify a directory<\/i>, then the \u2212D<\/b> option must be given.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If \u2212s<\/b> is specified and the restart<\/b> command succeeds, then the remote Shorewall\u2212lite configuration is saved by executing shorewall\u2212lite save<\/b> via ssh.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

if \u2212c<\/b> is included, the command shorewall\u2212lite show capabilities \u2212f > \/var\/lib\/shorewall\u2212lite\/capabilities<\/b> is executed via ssh then the generated file is copied to directory<\/i> using scp. This step is performed before the configuration is compiled.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If \u2212r<\/b> is included, it specifies that the root user on system<\/i> is named root\u2212user\u2212name<\/i> rather than “root”.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212T<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler\u2212generated error and warning message.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212i<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.0 and causes a warning message to be issued if the current line contains alternative input specifications following a semicolon (“;”). Such lines will be handled incorrectly if INLINE_MATCHES is set to Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

reset [<\/b>chain<\/i>, …]<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Resets the packet and byte counters in the specified chain<\/i>(s). If no chain<\/i> is specified, all the packet and byte counters in the firewall are reset.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 5.0.0, chain<\/i> may be composed of both a table name and a chain name separated by a colon (e.g., mangle:PREROUTING). Chain names following that don’t include a table name are assumed to be in that same table. If no table name is given in the command, the filter table is assumed.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

restart<\/b> [\u2212n<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212f<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [\u2212C<\/b>] [\u2212D] [ directory<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 5.0.0, this command performs a true restart. The firewall is completely stopped as if a stop<\/b> command had been issued then it is started again.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Shorewall and Shorewall6<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If a directory<\/i> is included in the command, Shorewall will look in that directory<\/i> first for configuration files.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212n<\/b> option causes Shorewall to avoid updating the routing table(s).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212p<\/b> option causes the connection tracking table to be flushed; the conntrack<\/b> utility must be installed to use this option.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212d<\/b> option causes the compiler to run under the Perl debugger.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212f<\/b> option suppresses the compilation step and simply reused the compiled script which last started\/restarted Shorewall, provided that \/etc\/shorewall and its contents have not been modified since the last start\/restart.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212c<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.4.20 and performs the compilation step unconditionally, overriding the AUTOMAKE setting in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5). When both \u2212f<\/b> and \u2212c<\/b> are present, the result is determined by the option that appears last.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212T<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler\u2212generated error and warning message.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212i<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.0 and causes a warning message to be issued if the current line contains alternative input specifications following a semicolon (“;”). Such lines will be handled incorrectly if INLINE_MATCHES is set to Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212C<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.5 and is only meaningful when AUTOMAKE=Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5). If an existing firewall script is used and if that script was the one that generated the current running configuration, then the running netfilter configuration will be reloaded as is so as to preserve the iptables packet and byte counters.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212D<\/b> option was added in Shoewall 5.2.4 and causes the compiler to write a large amount of debugging information to standard output.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Shorewall\u2212lite and Shorewall6\u2212lite<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212n<\/b> option causes Shorewall to avoid updating the routing table(s).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212p<\/b> option causes the connection tracking table to be flushed; the conntrack<\/b> utility must be installed to use this option.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212C<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.5 If the existing firewall script is the one that generated the current running configuration, then the running netfilter configuration will be reloaded as is so as to preserve the iptables packet and byte counters.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

restore<\/b> [\u2212n<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212C<\/b>] [ filename<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Restore Shorewall to a state saved using the shorewall save<\/b> command. Existing connections are maintained. The filename<\/i> names a restore file in \/var\/lib\/shorewall created using shorewall save<\/b>; if no filename<\/i> is given then Shorewall will be restored from the file specified by the RESTOREFILE option in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Caution<\/big><\/b>
If your iptables ruleset depends on variables that are detected at run\u2212time, either in your params file or by Shorewall\u2212generated code, restore<\/b> will use the values that were current when the ruleset was saved, which may be different from the current values.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212n<\/b> option causes Shorewall to avoid updating the routing table(s).<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212p<\/b> option, added in Shorewall 4.6.5, causes the connection tracking table to be flushed; the conntrack<\/b> utility must be installed to use this option.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

The \u2212C<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.5. If the \u2212C<\/b> option was specified during shorewall save<\/b>, then the counters saved by that operation will be restored.<\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

run<\/big><\/b> command<\/i> [ parameter<\/i> … ]<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.6.3. Executes command<\/i> in the context of the generated script passing the supplied parameter<\/i>s. Normally, the command<\/i> will be a function declared in lib.private.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Before executing the command<\/i>, the script will detect the configuration, setting all SW_* variables and will run your init extension script with $COMMAND = ‘run’.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

If there are files in the CONFIG_PATH that were modified after the current firewall script was generated, the following warning message is issued:<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

WARNING: \/var\/lib\/shorewall\/firewall is not up to
date<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

safe\u2212reload<\/b> [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212t<\/b> timeout<\/i> ] [ directory<\/i> ]<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.0.0, this command performs the same function as did safe_restart<\/b> in earlier releases. The command is available in Shorewall and Shorewall6 only.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Only allowed if Shorewall is running. The current configuration is saved in \/var\/lib\/shorewall\/safe\u2212reload (see the save command below) then a shorewall reload<\/b> is done. You will then be prompted asking if you want to accept the new configuration or not. If you answer “n” or if you fail to answer within 60 seconds (such as when your new configuration has disabled communication with your terminal), the configuration is restored from the saved configuration. If a directory is given, then Shorewall will look in that directory first when opening configuration files.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.0, you may specify a different timeout<\/i> value using the \u2212t<\/b> option. The numeric timeout<\/i> may optionally be followed by an s<\/b>, m<\/b> or h<\/b> suffix (e.g., 5m) to specify seconds, minutes or hours respectively. If the suffix is omitted, seconds is assumed.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

safe\u2212restart<\/b> [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212t<\/b> timeout<\/i> ] [ directory<\/i> ]<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Only allowed if Shorewall[6] is running and is not available in Shorewall\u2212lite and Shorewall6\u2212lite. The current configuration is saved in \/var\/lib\/shorewall\/safe\u2212restart (see the save command below) then a shorewall restart<\/b> is done. You will then be prompted asking if you want to accept the new configuration or not. If you answer “n” or if you fail to answer within 60 seconds (such as when your new configuration has disabled communication with your terminal), the configuration is restored from the saved configuration. If a directory is given, then Shorewall will look in that directory first when opening configuration files.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.0, you may specify a different timeout<\/i> value using the \u2212t<\/b> option. The numeric timeout<\/i> may optionally be followed by an s<\/b>, m<\/b> or h<\/b> suffix (e.g., 5m) to specify seconds, minutes or hours respectively. If the suffix is omitted, seconds is assumed.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

safe\u2212start<\/b> [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212t<\/b>timeout<\/i> ] [ directory<\/i> ]<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Shorewall is started normally. You will then be prompted asking if everything went all right. If you answer “n” or if you fail to answer within 60 seconds (such as when your new configuration has disabled communication with your terminal), a shorewall clear is performed for you. If a directory is given, then Shorewall will look in that directory first when opening configuration files.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.0, you may specify a different timeout<\/i> value using the \u2212t<\/b> option. The numeric timeout<\/i> may optionally be followed by an s<\/b>, m<\/b> or h<\/b> suffix (e.g., 5m) to specify seconds, minutes or hours respectively. If the suffix is omitted, seconds is assumed.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

This command is available in Shorewall and Shorewall6 only.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

save<\/b> [\u2212C<\/b>] [ filename<\/i> ]<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/p>\n

Creates a snapshot of the currently running firewall. The dynamic blacklist is stored in \/var\/lib\/shorewall\/save. The state of the firewall is stored in \/var\/lib\/shorewall\/filename<\/i> for use by the shorewall restore<\/b> command. If filename<\/i> is not given then the state is saved in the file specified by the RESTOREFILE option in<\/big><\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)).<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212C<\/b> option, added in Shorewall 4.6.5, causes the iptables packet and byte counters to be saved along with the chains and rules.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

savesets<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in shorewall 4.6.8. Performs the same action as the stop<\/b> command with respect to saving ipsets (see the SAVE_IPSETS option in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)). This command may be used to proactively save your ipset contents in the event that a system failure occurs prior to issuing a stop<\/b> command.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

show<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The show command can have a number of different arguments:<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

action<\/b> action<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Lists the named action file. Available on Shorewall and Shorewall6 only.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

actions<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Produces a report about the available actions (built\u2212in, standard and user\u2212defined). Available on Shorewall and Shorewall6 only.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

bl|blacklists<\/b> [\u2212x<\/b>]<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.6.2. Displays the dynamic chain along with any chains produced by entries in shorewall\u2212blrules(5). The \u2212x<\/b> option is passed directly through to iptables and causes actual packet and byte counts to be displayed. Without this option, those counts are abbreviated.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

[\u2212f<\/b>] capabilities<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays your kernel\/iptables capabilities. The \u2212f<\/b> option causes the display to be formatted as a capabilities file for use with compile \u2212e<\/b>.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

[\u2212b<\/b>] [\u2212x<\/b>] [\u2212l<\/b>] [\u2212t<\/b> {filter<\/b>|mangle<\/b>|nat<\/b>|raw<\/b>}] [ chain<\/i>… ]<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The rules in each chain<\/i> are displayed using the iptables \u2212L<\/b> chain<\/i> \u2212n \u2212v<\/b> command. If no chain<\/i> is given, all of the chains in the filter table are displayed. The \u2212x<\/b> option is passed directly through to iptables and causes actual packet and byte counts to be displayed. Without this option, those counts are abbreviated. The \u2212t<\/b> option specifies the Netfilter table to display. The default is filter<\/b>.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212b<\/b> (‘brief’) option causes rules which have not been used (i.e. which have zero packet and byte counts) to be omitted from the output. Chains with no rules displayed are also omitted from the output.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212l<\/b> option causes the rule number for each Netfilter rule to be displayed.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

If the \u2212t<\/b> option and the chain<\/b> keyword are both omitted and any of the listed chain<\/i>s do not exist, a usage message is displayed.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

classifiers|filters<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays information about the packet classifiers defined on the system as a result of traffic shaping configuration. Beginning with Shorewall 5.2.8, this command is deprecated, as its output is included in the information displayed by the ‘show tc’ command.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

config<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays distribution\u2212specific defaults.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

connections [<\/b>filter_parameter<\/i> …]<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays the IP connections currently being tracked by the firewall.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

If the conntrack<\/b> utility is installed, beginning with Shorewall 4.6.11 the set of connections displayed can be limited by including conntrack filter parameters (\u2212p , \u2212s, \u2212\u2212dport, etc). See conntrack(8) for details.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

event<\/b> event<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.5.19. Displays the named event.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

events<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.5.19. Displays all events.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

ip<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays the system’s IPv4 configuration.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

ipa<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.4.17. Displays the per\u2212IP accounting counters (<\/big><\/font>shorewall\u2212accounting<\/font><\/b><\/big> [7] (5),<\/big><\/font> shorewall6\u2212accounting<\/font><\/b><\/big> [7] (5)).<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

ipsec<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.1.0. Displays the contents of the IPSEC Security Policy Database (SPD) and Security Association Database (SAD). SAD keys are not displayed.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

[\u2212m<\/b>] log<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays the last 20 Shorewall messages from the log file specified by the LOGFILE option in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)). The \u2212m<\/b> option causes the MAC address of each packet source to be displayed if that information is available.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

macros<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays information about each macro defined on the firewall system (Shorewall and Shorewall6 only)<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

macro<\/b> macro<\/i><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.4.6. Displays the file that implements the specified macro<\/i> (usually \/usr\/share\/shorewall\/macro.macro<\/i>). Available only in Shorewall and Shorewall6.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

[\u2212x<\/b>] mangle<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays the Netfilter mangle table using the command iptables \u2212t mangle \u2212L \u2212n \u2212v<\/b>. The \u2212x<\/b> option is passed directly through to iptables and causes actual packet and byte counts to be displayed. Without this option, those counts are abbreviated.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

marks<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.4.26. Displays the various fields in packet marks giving the min and max value (in both decimal and hex) and the applicable mask (in hex).<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

[\u2212x<\/b>] nat<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays the Netfilter nat table using the command iptables \u2212t nat \u2212L \u2212n \u2212v<\/b>. The \u2212x<\/b> option is passed directly through to iptables and causes actual packet and byte counts to be displayed. Without this option, those counts are abbreviated.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

opens<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.5.8. Displays the iptables rules in the ‘dynamic’ chain created through use of the open<\/b> command..<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

policies<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.4.4. Displays the applicable policy between each pair of zones. Note that implicit intrazone ACCEPT policies are not displayed for zones associated with a single network where that network doesn’t specify routeback<\/b>.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

rc<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.2.0. Displays the contents of $SHAREDIR\/shorewall\/shorewallrc.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

[\u2212c<\/b>] routing<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays the system’s IPv4 routing configuration. The \u2212c<\/b> option causes the route cache to be displayed along with the other routing information.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

[\u2212x<\/b>] raw<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays the Netfilter raw table using the command iptables \u2212t raw \u2212L \u2212n \u2212v<\/b>. The \u2212x<\/b> option is passed directly through to iptables and causes actual packet and byte counts to be displayed. Without this option, those counts are abbreviated.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

saves<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.2.0. Lists snapshots created by the save<\/b> command. Each snapshot is listed with the date and time when it was taken. If there is a snapshot with the name specified in the RESTOREFILE option in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf(5<\/font><\/b><\/big> [6] ), that snapshot is listed as the default<\/i> snapshot for the restore<\/b> command.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

tc<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays information about queuing disciplines, classes and filters.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

zones<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays the current composition of the Shorewall zones on the system.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

start<\/b> [\u2212n<\/b>] [\u2212p<\/b>] [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212f<\/b>] [\u2212c<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [\u2212C<\/b>] [\u2212D] [ directory<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Shorewall and Shorewall6<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Start shorewall[6]. Existing connections through shorewall managed interfaces are untouched. New connections will be allowed only if they are allowed by the firewall rules or policies. If a directory<\/i> is included in the command, Shorewall will look in that directory<\/i> first for configuration files. If \u2212f<\/b> is specified, the saved configuration specified by the RESTOREFILE option in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)) will be restored if that saved configuration exists and has been modified more recently than the files in \/etc\/shorewall. When \u2212f<\/b> is given, a directory<\/i> may not be specified.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Update: In Shorewall 4.4.20, a new LEGACY_FASTSTART option was added to<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)). When LEGACY_FASTSTART=No, the modification times of files in \/etc\/shorewall are compared with that of \/var\/lib\/shorewall\/firewall (the compiled script that last started\/restarted the firewall).<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212n<\/b> option causes Shorewall to avoid updating the routing table(s).<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212p<\/b> option causes the connection tracking table to be flushed; the conntrack<\/b> utility must be installed to use this option.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212c<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.4.20 and performs the compilation step unconditionally, overriding the AUTOMAKE setting in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5) (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)). When both \u2212f<\/b> and \u2212c<\/b>are present, the result is determined by the option that appears last.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212T<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler\u2212generated error and warning message.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212i option was added in Shorewall 4.6.0 and causes a warning message to be issued if the current line contains alternative input specifications following a semicolon (“;”). Such lines will be handled incorrectly if INLINE_MATCHES is set to Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf(5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (<\/big><\/font>shorewall6.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5)).<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212C<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.5 and is only meaningful when the \u2212f<\/b> option is also specified. If the previously\u2212saved configuration is restored, and if the \u2212C<\/b> option was also specified in the save<\/b> command, then the packet and byte counters will be restored.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212D<\/b> option was added in Shoewall 5.2.4 and causes the compiler to write a large amount of debugging information to standard output.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Shorewall\u2212lite and Shorewall6\u2212lite<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Start Shorewall[6] Lite. Existing connections through shorewall[6]\u2212lite managed interfaces are untouched. New connections will be allowed only if they are allowed by the firewall rules or policies.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212p<\/b> option causes the connection tracking table to be flushed; the conntrack<\/b> utility must be installed to use this option.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212n<\/b> option prevents the firewall script from modifying the current routing configuration.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212f<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.5. If the RESTOREFILE named in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [6] (5) exists, is executable and is not older than the current filewall script, then that saved configuration is restored.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212C<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.5 and is only meaningful when the \u2212f<\/b> option is also specified. If the previously\u2212saved configuration is restored, and if the \u2212C<\/b> option was also specified in the save<\/b> command, then the packet and byte counters will be restored.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

stop<\/b><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Stops the firewall. All existing connections, except those listed in<\/big><\/font> shorewall\u2212stoppedrules<\/font><\/b><\/big> [8] (5) or permitted by the ADMINISABSENTMINDED option in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] The only new traffic permitted through the firewall is from systems listed in<\/big><\/font> shorewall\u2212stoppedrules<\/font><\/b><\/big> [8] (5) or by ADMINISABSENTMINDED.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

status<\/b> [\u2212i<\/b>]<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Produces a short report about the state of the Shorewall\u2212configured firewall.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212i<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.2 and causes the status of each optional or provider interface to be displayed.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

try<\/b> directory<\/i> [ timeout<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

This command is available in Shorewall and Shorewall6 only.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

If Shorewall[6] is started then the firewall state is saved to a temporary saved configuration (\/var\/lib\/shorewall\/.try). Next, if Shorewall[6] is currently started then a restart<\/b> command is issued using the specified configuration directory<\/i>; otherwise, a start<\/b> command is performed using the specified configuration directory<\/i>. if an error occurs during the compilation phase of the restart<\/b> or start<\/b>, the command terminates without changing the Shorewall[6] state. If an error occurs during the restart<\/b> phase, then a shorewall restore<\/b> is performed using the saved configuration. If an error occurs during the start<\/b> phase, then Shorewall is cleared. If the start<\/b>\/restart<\/b> succeeds and a timeout<\/i> is specified then a clear<\/b> or restore<\/b> is performed after timeout<\/i> seconds.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.0, the numeric timeout<\/i> may optionally be followed by an s<\/b>, m<\/b> or h<\/b> suffix (e.g., 5m) to specify seconds, minutes or hours respectively. If the suffix is omitted, seconds is assumed.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

update<\/b> [\u2212d<\/b>] [\u2212r<\/b>] [\u2212T<\/b>] [\u2212a<\/b>] [\u2212i<\/b>] [\u2212A<\/b>] [ directory<\/i> ]<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

This command is available only in Shorewall and Shorewall6.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 4.4.21 and causes the compiler to update \/etc\/shorewall\/shorewall.conf then validate the configuration. The update will add options not present in the old file with their default values, and will move deprecated options with non\u2212defaults to a deprecated options section at the bottom of the file. Your existing shorewall.conf file is renamed shorewall.conf.bak.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The command was extended over the years with a set of options that caused additional configuration updates.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

\u2022 Convert an existing blacklist file into an equivalent blrules file.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

\u2022 Convert an existing routestopped file into an equivalent stoppedrules file.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

\u2022 Convert existing tcrules and tos files into an equivalent mangle file.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

\u2022 Convert an existing notrack file into an equivalent conntrack file.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

\u2022 Convert FORMAT, SECTION and COMMENT entries into ?FORMAT, ?SECTION and ?COMMENT directives.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

In each case, the old file is renamed with a .bak suffix.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

In Shorewall 5.0.0, the options were eliminated and the update<\/b> command performs all of the updates described above.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Important<\/big><\/b>
There are some notable restrictions with the update<\/b> command:<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

1. Converted rules will be appended to the existing file; if there is no existing file in the CONFIG_PATH, one will be created in the directory specified in the command or in the first entry in the CONFIG_PATH (normally \/etc\/shorewall) otherwise.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

2. Existing comments in the file being converted will not be transferred to the output file.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

3. With the exception of the notrack\u2212>conntrack conversion, INCLUDEd files will be expanded inline in the output file.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

4. Columns in the output file will be separated by a single tab character; there is no attempt made to otherwise align the columns.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

5. Prior to Shorewall 5.0.15, shell variables will be expanded in the output file.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

6. Prior to Shorewall 5.0.15, lines omitted by compiler directives (?if …., etc.) will not appear in the output file.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Important<\/big><\/b>
Because the translation of the ‘blacklist’ and ‘routestopped’ files is not 1:1, omitted lines and compiler directives are not transferred to the converted files. If either are present, the compiler issues a warning:<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

WARNING: “Omitted rules and compiler directives were not translated<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212a<\/b> option causes the updated shorewall.conf file to be annotated with documentation.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212i<\/b> option was added in Shorewall 4.6.0 and causes a warning message to be issued if the current line contains alternative input specifications following a semicolon (“;”). Such lines will be handled incorrectly if INLINE_MATCHES is set to Yes in<\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf<\/font><\/b><\/big> [1] (5).<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The \u2212A<\/b> option is included for compatibility with Shorewall 4.6 and is equivalent to specifying the \u2212i<\/b> option.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

For a description of the other options, see the check<\/b> command above.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

version<\/big><\/b> [\u2212a<\/b>]<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

Displays Shorewall’s version. The \u2212a<\/b> option is included for compatibility with earlier Shorewall releases and is ignored.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

EXIT STATUS <\/a> <\/h2>\n

In general, when a command succeeds, status 0 is returned; when the command fails, a non\u2212zero status is returned.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

The status<\/b> command returns exit status as follows:<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

0 \u2212 Firewall is started.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

3 \u2212 Firewall is stopped or cleared<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

4 \u2212 Unknown state; usually means that the firewall has never been started.<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

ENVIRONMENT <\/a> <\/h2>\n

Two environmental variables are recognized by Shorewall:<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

SHOREWALL_INIT_SCRIPT<\/big><\/big><\/font><\/big><\/p>\n

When set to 1, causes Std out to be redirected to the file specified in the STARTUP_LOG option in<\/big><\/big><\/font> shorewall.conf(5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [6] .<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n

SW_LOGGERTAG<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n

Added in Shorewall 5.0.8. When set to a non\u2212empty value, that value is passed to the logger utility in its \u2212t (\u2212\u2212tag) option.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n

FILES <\/a> <\/h2>\n

\/etc\/shorewall\/*<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n

\/etc\/shorewall6\/*<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n

SEE ALSO <\/a> <\/h2>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm<\/font><\/b><\/big> [9]
\u2212 Describes operational aspects of Shorewall.<\/big><\/font>
shorewall\u2212files(5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [10] \u2212
Describes the various configuration files along with features and
conventions common to those files.<\/big><\/font>
shorewall\u2212names(5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [11] \u2212
Describes naming of objects within a Shorewall configuration.<\/big><\/font>
shorewall\u2212addresses(5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [12] \u2212
Describes how to specify addresses within a Shorewall
configuration.<\/big><\/font>
shorewall\u2212exclusion(5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [13] \u2212
Describes how to exclude certain hosts and\/or networks from matching a
rule.<\/big><\/font>
shorewall\u2212nesting(5)<\/font><\/b><\/big> [14]
\u2212 Describes how to nest one Shorewall zone inside another.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n

NOTES <\/a> <\/h2>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

1.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall.conf<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/\/manpages\/shorewall.conf.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

2.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall-interfaces<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/\/manpages\/shorewall-interfaces.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

3.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall-zones<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/\/manpages\/shorewall-zones.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

4.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall-routes<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/\/manpages\/shorewall-routes.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

5.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

logging backend<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/\/shorewall_logging.html#Backends<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

6.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall.conf<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/shorewall.conf.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

7.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall-accounting<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/\/manpages\/shorewall-accounting.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

8.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall-stoppedrules<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/\/manpages\/shorewall-stoppedrules.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

9.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/\/starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

10.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall-files(5)<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/shorewall-files.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

11.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall-names(5)<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/shorewall-names.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

12.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall-addresses(5)<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/shorewall-addresses.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

13.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall-exclusion(5)<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/shorewall-exclusion.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

14.<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

shorewall-nesting(5)<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

https:\/\/shorewall.org\/manpages\/shorewall-nesting.html<\/big><\/font><\/big><\/big><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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