PWCONV
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大纲
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pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv − å¨å½±åå¯ç åç»ä»¥åå¶å®ç´æ¥è½¬æ¢
大纲
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pwconv [é项] |
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pwunconv [é项] |
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grpconv [é项] |
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grpunconv [é项] |
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pwconv å½ä»¤ä½¿ç¨ passwd 以åå¯é并已ç»åå¨ç shadow æ¥å建 shadowã
pwunconv å½ä»¤ä½¿ç¨ passwd å shadow æ¥å建 passwdï¼ç¶åç§»é¤ shadowã
grpconv ä» group åå¯è½åå¨ç gshadow å建 gshadowã
grpunconv å½ä»¤ä» group å gshadow å建 groupï¼ç¶åç§»é¤ gshadowã
è¿å个ç¨åºé½å¯ä»¥æä½æ®éæå½±åå¯ç åç»æ件ï¼/etc/passwd, /etc/group, /etc/shadow å /etc/gshadowã
转æ¢åï¼æ¯ä¸ªç¨åºé½ä¼è·åéè¦çéãpwconv å grpconv ä¹ç±»ä¼¼ãé¦åå é¤ï¼å- å¨äºå¨å½±åæ件ä¸ï¼ä½å¨ä¸»æ件ä¸å´æ²¡æçæ¡ç®ï¼ç¶åï¼æ´æ°å¨ä¸»æ件ä¸- ä¸ä½¿ç¨“x”ä½ä¸ºå¯ç çå½±åæ¡ç®ï¼ä¼æ·»å ææ缺失çæ¡ç®ï¼æåï¼å°ä¸»æ件ä¸- çå¯ç æ¿æ¢ä¸º“x”ãè¿ä¸¤ä¸ªå·¥å·å¯ä»¥ç¨äºåå§è½¬æ¢ä»¥åæ ¹æ®æå¨ç¼è¾ç主æ件æ´æ°å½±å- æ件ã
pwconv å /etc/shadow æ·»å æ¡ç®æ¶ï¼å°ä½¿ç¨/etc/login.defs ä¸ç PASS_MIN_DAYS, PASS_MAX_DAYS å PASS_WARN_AGE å¼ã
pwunconv å grpunconv ä¸æ¤ç±»ä¼¼ã主æ件ä¸çå¯ç ä¼æ ¹æ®å½±å- æ件æ´æ°ãå¨ä¸»æ件ä¸åå¨ï¼ä½ä¸å¨å½±åæ件ä¸çæ¡ç®åç¬çä¸ãæåï¼ç§»é¤å½±å- æ件ãä¸äºå¯ç å¹´é¾ä¿¡æ¯ä¼å 为 pwunconv è丢失ãå®åªè½¬æ¢å®å¯ä»¥è½¬æ¢çã
é项
pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv å grpunconv å½ä»¤å¯ä»¥æ¥åçé项æï¼
−h, −−help
ç°å®å¸®å©ä¿¡æ¯å¹¶éåºã
−R, −−root CHROOT_DIR
Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the CHROOT_DIR directory.
缺é·
å¨ passwd æ group æ件ä¸æé误(æ¯å¦ï¼æéå¤æ¡ç®)å¯è½ä¼é æè¿äºç¨åºæ- »å¾ªç¯æè以å¥æªçæ¹å¼å¤±è´¥ãå¨è½¬æ¢èªï¼æ转æ¢å°å½±åå¯ç æç»æ件åï¼è¯·è¿è¡ pwck å grpck æ¥ä¿®æ£æ¤ç±»é误ã
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/etc/login.defs ä¸çå¦ä¸éç½®åéæ¹å grpconv å grpunconv çè¡ä¸ºï¼
MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP (number)
æ¯ä¸ªç»æ¡ç®çæ大æåæ°ãè¾¾å°æ大å¼æ¶ï¼å¨ /etc/group å¼å§ä¸ä¸ªæ°æ¡ç®(è¡)(使ç¨åæ ·çå称ï¼åæ ·çå¯ç ï¼åæ ·ç GID)ã
é»è®¤å¼æ¯ 0ï¼æå³çç»ä¸çæåæ°æ²¡æéå¶ã
æ¤åè½(åå²ç»)å许éå¶ç»æ件ä¸çè¡é¿åº¦ãè¿å¯¹äºç¡®ä¿ NIS ç»çè¡æ¯é¿äº 1024 å符ã
å¦æè¦å¼ºå¶è¿ä¸ªéå¶ï¼å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨ 25ã
注æï¼åå²ç»å¯è½ä¸åææå·¥å·çæ¯æ(çè³å¨ Shadow å·¥å·éä¸- )ãæ¨ä¸åºè¯¥ä½¿ç¨è¿ä¸ªåéï¼é¤éççéè¦ã
/etc/login.defs ä¸çå¦ä¸éç½®åéæ¹å pwconv çè¡ä¸ºï¼
PASS_MAX_DAYS (number)
ä¸ä¸ªå¯ç å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨çæ大天æ°ãå¦æå¯ç æ¯è¿æ§ï¼å°ä¼å¼ºè¿«æ´æ¹å¯ç ãå¦æä¸æå®ï¼å°±åå®ä¸º −1ï¼è¿ä¼ç¦ç¨è¿ä¸ªéå¶ã
PASS_MIN_DAYS (number)
两次æ´æ¹å¯ç æ¶é´çæå°é´éãå°ä¼æç»ä»»ä½æ©äºæ- ¤çæ´æ¹å¯ç çå°è¯ãå¦æä¸æå®ï¼åå®ä¸º −1ï¼å°ä¼ç¦ç¨è¿ä¸ªéå¶ã
PASS_WARN_AGE (number)
å¯ç è¿æä¹åç»åºè¦åç天æ°ã0 表示åªæåªå¨è¿æçå½å¤©è¦åï¼è´å¼è¡¨ç¤ºä¸è- ¦åãå¦æ没ææå®ï¼ä¸ä¼ç»è¦åã
æ件
/etc/login.defs
Shadow å¯ç å¥ä»¶éç½®ã
åè§
grpck(8), login.defs(5), pwck(8).