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GETPWENT

NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
RETURN VALUE
ERRORS
FILES
ATTRIBUTES
CONFORMING TO
SEE ALSO
COLOPHON

NAME

getpwent, setpwent, endpwent − get password file entry

SYNOPSIS

#include
#include

struct passwd *getpwent(void);

void setpwent(void);

void endpwent(void);

Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

getpwent(), setpwent(), endpwent():

_XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500
|| /bin /boot /dead.letter /dev /etc /home /initrd /lib /lib64 /lost+found /media /mnt /opt /proc /release-notes.html /release-notes.txt /root /run /sbin /srv /sys /tmp /usr /var Glibc since 2.19: bodies/ usr/ _DEFAULT_SOURCE
|| /bin /boot /dead.letter /dev /etc /home /initrd /lib /lib64 /lost+found /media /mnt /opt /proc /release-notes.html /release-notes.txt /root /run /sbin /srv /sys /tmp /usr /var Glibc versions <= 2.19: bodies/ usr/ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION

The getpwent() function returns a pointer to a structure containing the broken-out fields of a record from the password database (e.g., the local password file /etc/passwd, NIS, and LDAP). The first time getpwent() is called, it returns the first entry; thereafter, it returns successive entries.

The setpwent() function rewinds to the beginning of the password database.

The endpwent() function is used to close the password database after all processing has been performed.

The passwd structure is defined in as follows:

struct passwd {
char *pw_name; /bin /boot /dead.letter /dev /etc /home /initrd /lib /lib64 /lost+found /media /mnt /opt /proc /release-notes.html /release-notes.txt /root /run /sbin /srv /sys /tmp /usr /var username bodies/ usr/
char *pw_passwd; /bin /boot /dead.letter /dev /etc /home /initrd /lib /lib64 /lost+found /media /mnt /opt /proc /release-notes.html /release-notes.txt /root /run /sbin /srv /sys /tmp /usr /var user password bodies/ usr/
uid_t pw_uid; /bin /boot /dead.letter /dev /etc /home /initrd /lib /lib64 /lost+found /media /mnt /opt /proc /release-notes.html /release-notes.txt /root /run /sbin /srv /sys /tmp /usr /var user ID bodies/ usr/
gid_t pw_gid; /bin /boot /dead.letter /dev /etc /home /initrd /lib /lib64 /lost+found /media /mnt /opt /proc /release-notes.html /release-notes.txt /root /run /sbin /srv /sys /tmp /usr /var group ID bodies/ usr/
char *pw_gecos; /bin /boot /dead.letter /dev /etc /home /initrd /lib /lib64 /lost+found /media /mnt /opt /proc /release-notes.html /release-notes.txt /root /run /sbin /srv /sys /tmp /usr /var user information bodies/ usr/
char *pw_dir; /bin /boot /dead.letter /dev /etc /home /initrd /lib /lib64 /lost+found /media /mnt /opt /proc /release-notes.html /release-notes.txt /root /run /sbin /srv /sys /tmp /usr /var home directory bodies/ usr/
char *pw_shell; /bin /boot /dead.letter /dev /etc /home /initrd /lib /lib64 /lost+found /media /mnt /opt /proc /release-notes.html /release-notes.txt /root /run /sbin /srv /sys /tmp /usr /var shell program bodies/ usr/
};

For more information about the fields of this structure, see passwd(5).

RETURN VALUE

The getpwent() function returns a pointer to a passwd structure, or NULL if there are no more entries or an error occurred. If an error occurs, errno is set appropriately. If one wants to check errno after the call, it should be set to zero before the call.

The return value may point to a static area, and may be overwritten by subsequent calls to getpwent(), getpwnam(3), or getpwuid(3). (Do not pass the returned pointer to free(3).)

ERRORS

EINTR

A signal was caught; see signal(7).

EIO

I/O error.

EMFILE

The per-process limit on the number of open file descriptors has been reached.

ENFILE

The system-wide limit on the total number of open files has been reached.

ENOMEM

Insufficient memory to allocate passwd structure.

ERANGE

Insufficient buffer space supplied.

FILES

/etc/passwd

local password database file

ATTRIBUTES

For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

Image grohtml-1665661.png

In the above table, pwent in race:pwent signifies that if any of the functions setpwent(), getpwent(), or endpwent() are used in parallel in different threads of a program, then data races could occur.

CONFORMING TO

POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD. The pw_gecos field is not specified in POSIX, but is present on most implementations.

SEE ALSO

fgetpwent(3), getpw(3), getpwent_r(3), getpwnam(3), getpwuid(3), putpwent(3), passwd(5)

COLOPHON

This page is part of release 5.10 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be found at https://www.kernel.org/doc/man−pages/.

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