NEWUSERS

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newusers − æ¹éæ´æ°ååå»ºæ°ç¨æ·

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newusers [éé¡¹] [æä»¶]

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The newusers command reads a file (or the standard input by default) and uses this information to update a set of existing users or to create new users. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see passwd(5)) with the exceptions explained below:

pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell

pw_name

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It can be the name of a new user or the name of an existing user (or a user created before by newusers). In case of an existing user, the user’s information will be changed, otherwise a new user will be created.

pw_passwd

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pw_uid

æ¤åæ®µç¨äºå®ä¹ç¨æ·ç UIDã

If the field is empty, a new (unused) UID will be defined automatically by newusers.

å¦ææ¤åæ®µåå«ä¸ä¸ªæ°åï¼æ¤æ°åä¼ç¨äº UIDã

If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user created before by newusers), the UID of the specified user will be used.

pw_gid

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pw_gecos

æ¤åæ®µå¤å¶å°ç¨æ·ç GECOS åæ®µã

pw_dir

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pw_shell

æ¤åæ®µå®ä¹äºç¨æ·ç shellãå¯¹æ¤åæ®µä¸è¿è¡ä»»ä½æ£æ¥ã

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newusers å½ä»¤å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨çéé¡¹æï¼

−c, −−crypt−method

ä½¿ç¨æå®çæ¹æ³å å¯å¯ç ã

å¯ç¨çæ¹æ³æ DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 æ SHA512ï¼åææ¯æ¨ç libc æ¯æè¿åæ¹æ³ã

−h, −−help

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−r, −−system

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System users will be created with no aging information in /etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the SYS_UID_MIN−SYS_UID_MAX range, defined in login.defs, instead of UID_MIN−UID_MAX (and their GID counterparts for the creation of groups).

−R, −−root CHROOT_DIR

Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the CHROOT_DIR directory.

−s, −−sha−rounds

ä½¿ç¨æå®æ¬¡æ°çè½®è½¬æ¥å å¯å¯ç ã

ä¼å¼ºå¶æå° 1,000ï¼æå¤§ 9,9999,9999

æ¨åªå¯ä»¥å¯¹ SHA256 æ SHA512 ä½¿ç¨æ¤éé¡¹ã

é»è®¤ï¼è½®è½¬æ°ç± /etc/login.defs æä»¶ä¸ç SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS å SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS åéç¡®å®ã

CAVEATS

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æ¨éè¦ç¡®ä¿ä½ ååå å¯æ¹æ³ç¬¦åç³»ç»çå¯ç çç¥ã

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ENCRYPT_METHOD (string)

å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨å¦ä¸å¼ï¼DES (default), MD5, SHA256, SHA512.

æ³¨æï¼æ¤åæ°ä¼è¦ç MD5_CRYPT_ENAB åéã

GID_MAX (number), GID_MIN (number)

useraddï¼groupadd æ newusers åå»ºçå¸¸è§ç»çç» ID çèå´ã

GID_MIN å GID_MAX çé»è®¤å¼åå«æ¯ 1000 å 60000ã

MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP (number)

é»è®¤å¼æ¯ 0ï¼æå³çç»ä¸çæåæ°æ²¡æéå¶ã

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MD5_CRYPT_ENAB (boolean)

This variable is superseded by the ENCRYPT_METHOD variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm.

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PASS_MAX_DAYS (number)

PASS_MIN_DAYS (number)

PASS_WARN_AGE (number)

SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS (number), SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS (number)

ENCRYPT_METHOD è®¾ä¸º SHA256 æ SHA512 æ¶ï¼æ- ¤é¡¹ç¡®å®å å¯ç®æ³é»è®¤ä½¿ç¨ SHA è½®è½¬æ°ç®(å½è½®è½¬æ°æ²¡æéè¿å½ä»¤è¡æå®æ¶)ã

å¦ææ²¡ææå®ï¼libc ä¼éæ©é»è®¤çè½®è½¬æ°(5000)ã

å¼å¿é¡»å¨ 1000 − 999,999,999 ä¹é´ã

å¦æåªè®¾ç½®äºä¸ä¸ª SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS æ SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS å¼ï¼å°±ä¼ä½¿ç¨è¿ä¸ªå¼ã

å¦æ SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS > SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDSï¼å°ä¼ä½¿ç¨å¤§çé£ä¸ªã

SUB_GID_MIN (number), SUB_GID_MAX (number), SUB_GID_COUNT (number)

If /etc/subuid exists, the commands useradd and newusers (unless the user already have subordinate group IDs) allocate SUB_GID_COUNT unused group IDs from the range SUB_GID_MIN to SUB_GID_MAX for each new user.

The default values for SUB_GID_MIN, SUB_GID_MAX, SUB_GID_COUNT are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 10000.

SUB_UID_MIN (number), SUB_UID_MAX (number), SUB_UID_COUNT (number)

If /etc/subuid exists, the commands useradd and newusers (unless the user already have subordinate user IDs) allocate SUB_UID_COUNT unused user IDs from the range SUB_UID_MIN to SUB_UID_MAX for each new user.

The default values for SUB_UID_MIN, SUB_UID_MAX, SUB_UID_COUNT are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 10000.

SYS_GID_MAX (number), SYS_GID_MIN (number)

useraddãgroupadd æ newusers åå»ºçç³»ç»ç»çç» ID çèå´ã

SYS_GID_MIN å SYS_GID_MAX çé»è®¤å¼åå«æ¯ 101 å GID_MIN−1ã

SYS_UID_MAX (number), SYS_UID_MIN (number)

useradd æ newusers åå»ºçç³»ç»ç¨æ·çç¨æ· ID çèå´ã

SYS_UID_MIN å SYS_UID_MAX çé»è®¤å¼åå«æ¯ 101 å UID_MIN−1ã

UID_MAX (number), UID_MIN (number)

useradd æ newusers åå»ºçæ®éç¨æ·çç¨æ· ID çèå´ã

UID_MIN å UID_MAX çé»è®¤å¼åå«æ¯ 1000 å 60000ã

UMASK (number)

ä¹è¢« login ç¨äºæå®ç¨æ·çåå§ umaskãæ³¨æï¼æ¤æ©ç å¯ä»¥è¢«ç¨æ·ç GECOS è¡è¦ç(å½è®¾ç½®äº QUOTAS_ENAB æ¶)ï¼ä¹å¯ä»¥è¢«å¸¦ K æç¤ºç¬¦ç limits(5) å®ä¹çéå¶å¼è¦çã

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/etc/passwd

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/etc/shadow

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/etc/group

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/etc/gshadow

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/etc/login.defs

Shadow å¯ç å¥ä»¶éç½®ã

/etc/subgid

Per user subordinate group IDs.

/etc/subuid

Per user subordinate user IDs.

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login.defs(5), passwd(1), subgid(5), subuid(5), useradd(8).

Etiquetas: 8, Administración, newusers, zh_CN

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